232
and technical development, especially robotisation and digitisation reduce labour demand in the
case of several jobs and as a result, many experts
expect the increase of unemployment (Ford 2015;
Handy 2015). No reasonable plans are available
currently to solve this problem.
To achieve equality of genders is a global task
(goal 5). Disadvantageous discrimination of
women from men can be experienced even in
developed countries mostly in the labour market
(women receiving less payment for the same
job); however, it can be detected in many fields of
life. Transforming Our World 2030 programme
supports the establishment of complete equality
of genders. In the opinion of the authors this cannot be achieved by 2030 and in certain countries
where limited rights of women have centuries of
tradition and often religion also encourages that
this situation will be improved only over very
long time.
Similarly, difficult it is to reduce inequalities
within and among countries (goal 10). Prohibition
of discrimination is specified already in the base
documents of UN (1946, 1948 and 1966) and
numerous constitutions, declarations and programmes were accepted to achieve equality.
Despite all these, inequalities not only remain but
grow.
According to plan, by 2030 the permanent,
higher than average increase of the income of the
poorest 40% of the population has to be achieved.
In contrast, the reduction of inequalities among
countries was accepted only in general. It is a fundamental scientific issue whether the formerly
mentioned 80:20 rule is general regarding income
and whether it applies to GDP data among countries as well or not. If yes, then the above aims cannot be achieved even in long-term. It seems likely
that this will be the case in a society based on competition. The fundamental question runs like: are
there societies that work not on the basis of competition? The response is not known just yet.
The six major tasks of Transforming Our
World 2030 (goals 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15) deals
with solving the general issue of environmental
protection. The first three of them deals with
solving the global issues of environmental protection. The first three focus on analysing the
methods of social and economic development
that places emphasis on environmentally sound
production and consumption. Regarding this,
Faragó (2016) states that no solution has been
found as yet for decoupling economic growth and
environmental load and for encouraging economic growth that can be regarded sustainable
despite the fact that conferences related to sustainable development (2002, 2012) approved the
ten-year framework of international programmes
on sustainable production and consumption and
also the “green economy” programme.
Transforming Our World 2030 regards “sustainable economic growth” in a similar view.
(Scientists have been warning for long that growth
cannot be maintained forever in a finite world.)
According to the document, sustainable development can be achieved if the necessary infrastructure and wide-range application of environmental
friendly technologies are realised and innovation
helping economic-technological development is
supported. The document gives details on developing the most important economic fields (agriculture, water management, energy production,
traffic, tourism, chemical industry) in such a way
and considers the planning and development tasks
of settlements as well. The major goals can be
summarised in the following: improving the quality of the environment, reducing environmental
load, sustainable settlement planning, regional
development and reducing the effects of natural
hazards on settlements.
In goals 13–15 environmental problems on
global scale are considered in the programme.
The tasks related to the following processes are
discussed: reducing soil contamination, improving soil quality, protection against soil deterioration, forest management, treatment of chemicals
and waste material and reducing their harm, protection against natural hazards, protection of
marine and terrestrial ecological systems, reducing the scale of global climate change.
Authoritative international conventions exist
related to most of these tasks, therefore only the
most important issues are discussed in the
programme.
The Transforming Our World 2030 programme associates execution measures to the
6 Steps Towards Realising Global Sustainable Development
and technical development, especially robotisation and digitisation reduce labour demand in the
case of several jobs and as a result, many experts
expect the increase of unemployment (Ford 2015;
Handy 2015). No reasonable plans are available
currently to solve this problem.
To achieve equality of genders is a global task
(goal 5). Disadvantageous discrimination of
women from men can be experienced even in
developed countries mostly in the labour market
(women receiving less payment for the same
job); however, it can be detected in many fields of
life. Transforming Our World 2030 programme
supports the establishment of complete equality
of genders. In the opinion of the authors this cannot be achieved by 2030 and in certain countries
where limited rights of women have centuries of
tradition and often religion also encourages that
this situation will be improved only over very
long time.
Similarly, difficult it is to reduce inequalities
within and among countries (goal 10). Prohibition
of discrimination is specified already in the base
documents of UN (1946, 1948 and 1966) and
numerous constitutions, declarations and programmes were accepted to achieve equality.
Despite all these, inequalities not only remain but
grow.
According to plan, by 2030 the permanent,
higher than average increase of the income of the
poorest 40% of the population has to be achieved.
In contrast, the reduction of inequalities among
countries was accepted only in general. It is a fundamental scientific issue whether the formerly
mentioned 80:20 rule is general regarding income
and whether it applies to GDP data among countries as well or not. If yes, then the above aims cannot be achieved even in long-term. It seems likely
that this will be the case in a society based on competition. The fundamental question runs like: are
there societies that work not on the basis of competition? The response is not known just yet.
The six major tasks of Transforming Our
World 2030 (goals 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15) deals
with solving the general issue of environmental
protection. The first three of them deals with
solving the global issues of environmental protection. The first three focus on analysing the
methods of social and economic development
that places emphasis on environmentally sound
production and consumption. Regarding this,
Faragó (2016) states that no solution has been
found as yet for decoupling economic growth and
environmental load and for encouraging economic growth that can be regarded sustainable
despite the fact that conferences related to sustainable development (2002, 2012) approved the
ten-year framework of international programmes
on sustainable production and consumption and
also the “green economy” programme.
Transforming Our World 2030 regards “sustainable economic growth” in a similar view.
(Scientists have been warning for long that growth
cannot be maintained forever in a finite world.)
According to the document, sustainable development can be achieved if the necessary infrastructure and wide-range application of environmental
friendly technologies are realised and innovation
helping economic-technological development is
supported. The document gives details on developing the most important economic fields (agriculture, water management, energy production,
traffic, tourism, chemical industry) in such a way
and considers the planning and development tasks
of settlements as well. The major goals can be
summarised in the following: improving the quality of the environment, reducing environmental
load, sustainable settlement planning, regional
development and reducing the effects of natural
hazards on settlements.
In goals 13–15 environmental problems on
global scale are considered in the programme.
The tasks related to the following processes are
discussed: reducing soil contamination, improving soil quality, protection against soil deterioration, forest management, treatment of chemicals
and waste material and reducing their harm, protection against natural hazards, protection of
marine and terrestrial ecological systems, reducing the scale of global climate change.
Authoritative international conventions exist
related to most of these tasks, therefore only the
most important issues are discussed in the
programme.
The Transforming Our World 2030 programme associates execution measures to the
6 Steps Towards Realising Global Sustainable Development