676 Modern Food Microbiology
87. Morris, J.G., R. Wilson, B.R. Davis, I.K. Wachsmuth, C.F. Riddle, H.G. Wathen, R.A. Pollard, and P.A. Blake. 1981.
Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in the United States. Ann. Intern. Med. 94:656–658.
88. Mors, V., and C.H. Pai. 1980. Pathogenic properties of Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 28:292–294.
89. Nadeau, E., S. Messier, and S. Quessy. 2003. Comparison of Campylobacter isolates from poultry and humans: Association
between in vitro virulence properties, biotypes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clusters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
69:6316–6320.
90. Nakasone, N., and M. Iwanaga. 1990. Pili of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain as a possible colonization factor. Infect.
Immun. 58:61–69.
91. National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods. 1994. Campylobacter jejuni/coli. J. Food Protect.
57:1101–1121.
92. Nishibuchi, M., S. Doke, S. Toizumi, T. Umeda, M. Yoh, and T. Miwatani. 1988. Isolation from a coastal fish of Vibrio
hollisae capable of producing a hemolysin similar to the thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 54:2144–2146.
93. Nishibuchi, M., M. Ishibashi, Y. Takeda, and J.B. Kaper. 1985. Detection of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene and
related DNA sequences in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other Vibrio species by the DNA colony hybridization test. Infect.
Immun. 49:481–486.
94. Nishibuchi, M., and J.B. Kaper. 1985. Nucleotide sequence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. J. Bacteriol. 162:558–564.
95. Ogawa, A., J.-I. Kato, H. Watanabe, B.G. Nair, and T. Takeda. 1990. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a heat-stable
enterotoxin gene from Vibrio cholerae non-01 isolated from a patient with traveler’s diarrhea. Infect. Immun. 58:3325–
3329.
96. Ogg, J.E., R.A. Ryder, and H.L. Smith, Jr. 1989. Isolation of Vibrio cholerae from aquatic birds in Colorado and Utah.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:95–99.
97. Okamoto, K., T. Inoue, H. Ichikawa, Y. Kawamoto, and A. Miyama. 1981. Partial purification and characterization of
heat-stable enterotoxin produced by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 31:554–559.
98. Okamoto, K., T. Inoue, K. Shimizu, S. Hara, and A. Miyama. 1982. Further purification and characterization of heat-stable
enterotoxin produced by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 35:958–964.
99. Pace, J., and T.-J. Chai. 1989. Comparison of Vibrio parahaemolyticus grown in estuarine water and rich medium. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 55:1877–1887.
100. Pai, C.H., and V. Mors. 1978. Production of enterotoxin by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 119:908–911.
101. Pai, C.H., V. Mors, and S. Toma. 1978. Prevalence of enterotoxigenicity in human and nonhuman isolates of Yersinia
enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 22:334–338.
102. Pearson, A.D., M.H. Greenwood, R.K.A. Feltham, T.D. Healing, J. Donaldson, D.M. Jones, and R.R. Colwell. 1996.
Microbial ecology of Campylobacter jejuni in a United Kingdom chicken supply chain: Intermittent common source,
vertical transmission, and amplication by flock propagation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:4614–4620.
103. Peffer, C.S., M.F. Hite, and J.D. Oliver. 2003. Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus in estaurine waters of eastern North Carolina.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:3526–3531.
104. Popovic, T., P.I. Fields, O. Olsvik, J.G. Wells, G.M. Evins, D.N. Cameron, J.J. Farmer III, C.A. Bopp, K. Wachsmuth,
R.B. sack, M.J. Albert, G.B. Nair, T. Shimada, and J.C. Feeley. 1995. Molecular subtyping of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae
0139 causing epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh, 1992–1993. J. Infect. Dis. 171:122–127.
105. Reynolds, G.N., and F.A. Draughon. 1987. Campylobacter jejuni in vacuum packaged processed turkey. J. Food Protect.
50:300–304.
106. Rippey, S.R. 1994. Infectious diseases associated with molluscan shellfish consumption. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7:419–425.
107. Robins-Browne, R.M., C.S. Still, M.D. Miliotis, and H.J. Koornhof. 1979. Mechanism of action of Yersinia enterocolitica
enterotoxin. Infect. Immun. 25:680–684.
108. Ruiz-Palacios, G.M., J. Torres, E. Escamilla, B.R. Ruiz-Palacios, and J. Tamayo. 1983. Cholera-like enterotoxin produced
by Campylobacter jejuni. Lancet 2:250–253.
109. Russell, R.G., and D.C. Blake, Jr. 1994. Cell association and invasion of Caco-2 cells by Campylobacter jejuni. Infect.
Immun. 62:3773–3779.
110. Sakazaki, R. 1979. Vibrio infections. In Food-Borne Infections and Intoxications, ed. H. Riemann and F.L. Bryan, 173–209.
New York: Academic Press.
87. Morris, J.G., R. Wilson, B.R. Davis, I.K. Wachsmuth, C.F. Riddle, H.G. Wathen, R.A. Pollard, and P.A. Blake. 1981.
Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in the United States. Ann. Intern. Med. 94:656–658.
88. Mors, V., and C.H. Pai. 1980. Pathogenic properties of Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 28:292–294.
89. Nadeau, E., S. Messier, and S. Quessy. 2003. Comparison of Campylobacter isolates from poultry and humans: Association
between in vitro virulence properties, biotypes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clusters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
69:6316–6320.
90. Nakasone, N., and M. Iwanaga. 1990. Pili of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain as a possible colonization factor. Infect.
Immun. 58:61–69.
91. National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods. 1994. Campylobacter jejuni/coli. J. Food Protect.
57:1101–1121.
92. Nishibuchi, M., S. Doke, S. Toizumi, T. Umeda, M. Yoh, and T. Miwatani. 1988. Isolation from a coastal fish of Vibrio
hollisae capable of producing a hemolysin similar to the thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 54:2144–2146.
93. Nishibuchi, M., M. Ishibashi, Y. Takeda, and J.B. Kaper. 1985. Detection of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene and
related DNA sequences in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other Vibrio species by the DNA colony hybridization test. Infect.
Immun. 49:481–486.
94. Nishibuchi, M., and J.B. Kaper. 1985. Nucleotide sequence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. J. Bacteriol. 162:558–564.
95. Ogawa, A., J.-I. Kato, H. Watanabe, B.G. Nair, and T. Takeda. 1990. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a heat-stable
enterotoxin gene from Vibrio cholerae non-01 isolated from a patient with traveler’s diarrhea. Infect. Immun. 58:3325–
3329.
96. Ogg, J.E., R.A. Ryder, and H.L. Smith, Jr. 1989. Isolation of Vibrio cholerae from aquatic birds in Colorado and Utah.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:95–99.
97. Okamoto, K., T. Inoue, H. Ichikawa, Y. Kawamoto, and A. Miyama. 1981. Partial purification and characterization of
heat-stable enterotoxin produced by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 31:554–559.
98. Okamoto, K., T. Inoue, K. Shimizu, S. Hara, and A. Miyama. 1982. Further purification and characterization of heat-stable
enterotoxin produced by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 35:958–964.
99. Pace, J., and T.-J. Chai. 1989. Comparison of Vibrio parahaemolyticus grown in estuarine water and rich medium. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 55:1877–1887.
100. Pai, C.H., and V. Mors. 1978. Production of enterotoxin by Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 119:908–911.
101. Pai, C.H., V. Mors, and S. Toma. 1978. Prevalence of enterotoxigenicity in human and nonhuman isolates of Yersinia
enterocolitica. Infect. Immun. 22:334–338.
102. Pearson, A.D., M.H. Greenwood, R.K.A. Feltham, T.D. Healing, J. Donaldson, D.M. Jones, and R.R. Colwell. 1996.
Microbial ecology of Campylobacter jejuni in a United Kingdom chicken supply chain: Intermittent common source,
vertical transmission, and amplication by flock propagation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:4614–4620.
103. Peffer, C.S., M.F. Hite, and J.D. Oliver. 2003. Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus in estaurine waters of eastern North Carolina.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:3526–3531.
104. Popovic, T., P.I. Fields, O. Olsvik, J.G. Wells, G.M. Evins, D.N. Cameron, J.J. Farmer III, C.A. Bopp, K. Wachsmuth,
R.B. sack, M.J. Albert, G.B. Nair, T. Shimada, and J.C. Feeley. 1995. Molecular subtyping of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae
0139 causing epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh, 1992–1993. J. Infect. Dis. 171:122–127.
105. Reynolds, G.N., and F.A. Draughon. 1987. Campylobacter jejuni in vacuum packaged processed turkey. J. Food Protect.
50:300–304.
106. Rippey, S.R. 1994. Infectious diseases associated with molluscan shellfish consumption. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7:419–425.
107. Robins-Browne, R.M., C.S. Still, M.D. Miliotis, and H.J. Koornhof. 1979. Mechanism of action of Yersinia enterocolitica
enterotoxin. Infect. Immun. 25:680–684.
108. Ruiz-Palacios, G.M., J. Torres, E. Escamilla, B.R. Ruiz-Palacios, and J. Tamayo. 1983. Cholera-like enterotoxin produced
by Campylobacter jejuni. Lancet 2:250–253.
109. Russell, R.G., and D.C. Blake, Jr. 1994. Cell association and invasion of Caco-2 cells by Campylobacter jejuni. Infect.
Immun. 62:3773–3779.
110. Sakazaki, R. 1979. Vibrio infections. In Food-Borne Infections and Intoxications, ed. H. Riemann and F.L. Bryan, 173–209.
New York: Academic Press.