236 Modern Food Microbiology
26. Cormier, A., S. Chiasson, and A. L´ eger. 1993. Comparison of maceration and enumeration procedures for aerobic count
in selected seafoods by standard method, Petrifilm, Redigel, and Isogrid. J. Food Protect. 56:249–255.
27. Cousin, M.A. 1982. Evaluation of a test strip used to monitor food processing sanitation. J. Food Protect. 45:615–619,
623.
28. deFigueiredo, M.P., and J.M. Jay. 1976. Coliforms, enterococci, and other microbial indicators. In Food Microbiology:
Public Health and Spoilage Aspects, ed. M.P. deFigueiredo and D.F. Splittstoesser, 271–297. New York: Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
29. Dodsworth, P.J., and A.G. Kempton. 1977. Rapid measurement of meat quality by resazurin reduction. II. Industrial
application. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J. 10:158–160.
30. Donnelly, C.B., J.E. Gilchrist, J.T. Peeler, and J.E. Campbell. 1976. Spiral plate count method for the examination of raw
and pasteurized milk. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 32:21–27.
31. Downes, F.P., and K. Ito, eds. 2001. Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. Washington,
DC: American Public Health Association.
32. Entis, P. 1985. Rapid hydrophobic grid membrane filter method for Salmonella detection in selected foods. J. Assoc. Off.
Anal. Chem. 68:555–564.
33. Entis, P. 1983. Enumeration of coliforms in non-fat dry milk and canned custard by hydrophobic grid membrane filter
method: Collaborative study. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 66:897–904.
34. Entis, P., and I. Lerner. 1998. Enumeration of β-glucuronidase-positive Escherichia coli in foods by using the ISO-GRID
method with SD-39 agar. J. Food Protect. 61:913–916.
35. Favero, M.S., J.J. McDade, J.A. Robertsen, R.K. Hoffman, and R.W. Edwards. 1968. Microbiological sampling of surfaces.
J. Appl. Bacteriol. 31:336–343.
36. FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th ed. 1995. McLean, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists Int.
(Also, http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/ ebam/bam-4a.html) www.cfsan.fda.gov/∼ebam/bam-4a.html)
37. Flowers, R.S., S.E. Martin, D.G. Brewer, and Z.J. Ordal. 1977. Catalase and enumeration of stressed Staphylococcus
aureus cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 33:1112–1117.
38. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1981. Bacterial spore injury—An update. J. Food Protect. 44:776–786.
39. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1983. Proposed role of lactate in germination of hypochlorite-treated Clostridium
botulinum spores. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1369–1373.
40. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1983. Proposed mechanism for sensitization by hypochlorite treatment of Clostridium
botulinum spores. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1374–1379.
41. Fung, D.Y.C., C.-Y. Lee, and C.L. Kastner. 1980. Adhesive tape method for estimating microbial load on meat surfaces.
J. Food Protect. 43:295–297.
42. Fung, D.Y., and L.L. VandenBosch. 1975. Repair, growth, and enterotoxigenesis of Staphylococcus aureus S-6 injured
by freeze-drying. J. Milk Food Technol. 38:212–218.
43. Garvie, E.I., and A. Rowlands. 1952. The role of micro-organisms in dye-reduction and keeping-quality tests. II. The
effect of micro-organisms when added to milk in pure and mixed culture. J. Dairy Res. 19:263–274.
44. Gilchrist, J.E., J.E. Campbell, C.B. Donnelly, J.T. Peeler, and J.M. Delany. 1973. Spiral plate method for bacterial
determination. Appl. Microbiol. 25:244–252.
45. Ginn, R.E., V.S. Packard, and T.L. Fox. 1984. Evaluation of the 3M dry medium culture plate (Petrifilm SM) method for
determining numbers of bacteria in raw milk. J. Food Protect. 47:753–755.
46. Gunderson, M.F., and K.D. Rose. 1948. Survival of bacteria in a precooked, fresh-frozen food. Food Res. 13:254–263.
47. Harries, D., and A.D. Russell. 1966. Revival of heat-damaged Escherichia coli. Experientia. 22:803–804.
48. Harris, N.D. 1963. The influence of the recovery medium and the incubation temperature on the survival of damaged
bacteria. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 26:387–397.
49. Hartman, P.A., P.S. Hartman, and W.W. Lanz. 1975. Violet red bile 2 agar for stressed coliforms. Appl. Microbiol.
29:537–539.
50. Hartsell, S.E. 1951. The longevity and behavior of pathogenic bacteria in frozen foods: The influence of plating media.
Am. J. Public Health. 41:1072–1077.
51. Hedges, A.J., R. Shannon, and R.P. Hobbs. 1978. Comparison of the precision obtained in counting viable bacteria by the
spiral plate maker, the droplette and the Miles and Misra methods. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 45:57–65.
26. Cormier, A., S. Chiasson, and A. L´ eger. 1993. Comparison of maceration and enumeration procedures for aerobic count
in selected seafoods by standard method, Petrifilm, Redigel, and Isogrid. J. Food Protect. 56:249–255.
27. Cousin, M.A. 1982. Evaluation of a test strip used to monitor food processing sanitation. J. Food Protect. 45:615–619,
623.
28. deFigueiredo, M.P., and J.M. Jay. 1976. Coliforms, enterococci, and other microbial indicators. In Food Microbiology:
Public Health and Spoilage Aspects, ed. M.P. deFigueiredo and D.F. Splittstoesser, 271–297. New York: Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
29. Dodsworth, P.J., and A.G. Kempton. 1977. Rapid measurement of meat quality by resazurin reduction. II. Industrial
application. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J. 10:158–160.
30. Donnelly, C.B., J.E. Gilchrist, J.T. Peeler, and J.E. Campbell. 1976. Spiral plate count method for the examination of raw
and pasteurized milk. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 32:21–27.
31. Downes, F.P., and K. Ito, eds. 2001. Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. Washington,
DC: American Public Health Association.
32. Entis, P. 1985. Rapid hydrophobic grid membrane filter method for Salmonella detection in selected foods. J. Assoc. Off.
Anal. Chem. 68:555–564.
33. Entis, P. 1983. Enumeration of coliforms in non-fat dry milk and canned custard by hydrophobic grid membrane filter
method: Collaborative study. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 66:897–904.
34. Entis, P., and I. Lerner. 1998. Enumeration of β-glucuronidase-positive Escherichia coli in foods by using the ISO-GRID
method with SD-39 agar. J. Food Protect. 61:913–916.
35. Favero, M.S., J.J. McDade, J.A. Robertsen, R.K. Hoffman, and R.W. Edwards. 1968. Microbiological sampling of surfaces.
J. Appl. Bacteriol. 31:336–343.
36. FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th ed. 1995. McLean, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists Int.
(Also, http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/ ebam/bam-4a.html) www.cfsan.fda.gov/∼ebam/bam-4a.html)
37. Flowers, R.S., S.E. Martin, D.G. Brewer, and Z.J. Ordal. 1977. Catalase and enumeration of stressed Staphylococcus
aureus cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 33:1112–1117.
38. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1981. Bacterial spore injury—An update. J. Food Protect. 44:776–786.
39. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1983. Proposed role of lactate in germination of hypochlorite-treated Clostridium
botulinum spores. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1369–1373.
40. Foegeding, P.M., and F.F. Busta. 1983. Proposed mechanism for sensitization by hypochlorite treatment of Clostridium
botulinum spores. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1374–1379.
41. Fung, D.Y.C., C.-Y. Lee, and C.L. Kastner. 1980. Adhesive tape method for estimating microbial load on meat surfaces.
J. Food Protect. 43:295–297.
42. Fung, D.Y., and L.L. VandenBosch. 1975. Repair, growth, and enterotoxigenesis of Staphylococcus aureus S-6 injured
by freeze-drying. J. Milk Food Technol. 38:212–218.
43. Garvie, E.I., and A. Rowlands. 1952. The role of micro-organisms in dye-reduction and keeping-quality tests. II. The
effect of micro-organisms when added to milk in pure and mixed culture. J. Dairy Res. 19:263–274.
44. Gilchrist, J.E., J.E. Campbell, C.B. Donnelly, J.T. Peeler, and J.M. Delany. 1973. Spiral plate method for bacterial
determination. Appl. Microbiol. 25:244–252.
45. Ginn, R.E., V.S. Packard, and T.L. Fox. 1984. Evaluation of the 3M dry medium culture plate (Petrifilm SM) method for
determining numbers of bacteria in raw milk. J. Food Protect. 47:753–755.
46. Gunderson, M.F., and K.D. Rose. 1948. Survival of bacteria in a precooked, fresh-frozen food. Food Res. 13:254–263.
47. Harries, D., and A.D. Russell. 1966. Revival of heat-damaged Escherichia coli. Experientia. 22:803–804.
48. Harris, N.D. 1963. The influence of the recovery medium and the incubation temperature on the survival of damaged
bacteria. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 26:387–397.
49. Hartman, P.A., P.S. Hartman, and W.W. Lanz. 1975. Violet red bile 2 agar for stressed coliforms. Appl. Microbiol.
29:537–539.
50. Hartsell, S.E. 1951. The longevity and behavior of pathogenic bacteria in frozen foods: The influence of plating media.
Am. J. Public Health. 41:1072–1077.
51. Hedges, A.J., R. Shannon, and R.P. Hobbs. 1978. Comparison of the precision obtained in counting viable bacteria by the
spiral plate maker, the droplette and the Miles and Misra methods. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 45:57–65.