Generation Program to provide renewable energy for cooking and heating. About
300 MW of viable biogas production plants in India has been established at the end
of 2017 (Shukla 2019).
Although less efficient than the Chinese biogas program, the Indian government
has given much assistance to India’s biogas sector. The Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy has been formed to supervise biogas and additional renewable
energy venture programs (Sehgal 2018). The Ministry had introduced several
programs including plan and subsidy programs. The fertilizer management and
national biogas plan were also started to deal with subprograms like grid power
production program, revival of energy from urban wastes, and revival of energy
from industrial wastes (Renewable Energy 2018; Kemausuor et al. 2018). Promotion
of society scale biogas plants was encouraged. The railway company in India is
presently working on its networks with bio-based engines, including biogas.
4.3.2 Other Countries
Other significant nations promoting business of biogas are the United States, the
United Kingdom, and Italy. Italy is the second biggest biogas producer in Europe
with more than 1300 biogas plants and 8 GWh power generations (Valenti et al.
2018). The production of biogas plants in Italy was helped by a high feed-in tariff of
0.28/kWh for plants with less capacity of less than 1 MW for a period of 20 years
(Torrijos 2016). Like a novel feed-in tariff substrate installed in 2012, the installed
power differs depending on the use of technology and the use of heat in which there
is an overall objective for using small-sized plants to use agriculture and animal
waste (Torrijos 2016).
The United Kingdom is a biogas user in Europe. Bioelectricity production
facilities established in the United Kingdom have reached 6 GW in 2017, with a
grouping of frozen biomass fuel, MSW, and (AD) anaerobic digestion (Renewable
Energy 2018), with an energy invention of 31.8 TWh. Countries with moderate
biogas production at the lower end contain Denmark, Austria, the Czech Republic,
and Bulgaria in Europe. Denmark is extremely knowledgeable to utilize viable
biogas services and has been encouraging technologies for the treatment of
co-digested compost, source-separate municipal solid waste (MSW), and clean
biological industrial wastes for decades. Denmark utilizes “green pricing,” a strategy
instrument that offers opportunities for companies using biogas to produce electricity to encourage the use of biogas (Aryal et al. 2018). There is a subsidy system to
assist in the creation of an agricultural biogas plant that processes purposeful yield in
the Czech Republic (Vochozka et al. 2018). Bulgaria has promoted biogas plants by
utilizing the praise line up for “energy efficiency and renewable energy sources for
Bulgaria” in which plan may accept up to 20% grants (Kolchakov et al. 2017).
In the beginning of 2002, Austria had increased the installed ability of biogas from
15 MW to about 80 MW by the end of 2015 due to feed-in tariff and green electricity
act (Stürmer 2017). Feed-in tariff differs depending on plant’s technology and capacity
and the source of biogas such as landfill gas or sewage gas (Pablo-Romero et al. 2017).
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G. Monika et al.
300 MW of viable biogas production plants in India has been established at the end
of 2017 (Shukla 2019).
Although less efficient than the Chinese biogas program, the Indian government
has given much assistance to India’s biogas sector. The Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy has been formed to supervise biogas and additional renewable
energy venture programs (Sehgal 2018). The Ministry had introduced several
programs including plan and subsidy programs. The fertilizer management and
national biogas plan were also started to deal with subprograms like grid power
production program, revival of energy from urban wastes, and revival of energy
from industrial wastes (Renewable Energy 2018; Kemausuor et al. 2018). Promotion
of society scale biogas plants was encouraged. The railway company in India is
presently working on its networks with bio-based engines, including biogas.
4.3.2 Other Countries
Other significant nations promoting business of biogas are the United States, the
United Kingdom, and Italy. Italy is the second biggest biogas producer in Europe
with more than 1300 biogas plants and 8 GWh power generations (Valenti et al.
2018). The production of biogas plants in Italy was helped by a high feed-in tariff of
0.28/kWh for plants with less capacity of less than 1 MW for a period of 20 years
(Torrijos 2016). Like a novel feed-in tariff substrate installed in 2012, the installed
power differs depending on the use of technology and the use of heat in which there
is an overall objective for using small-sized plants to use agriculture and animal
waste (Torrijos 2016).
The United Kingdom is a biogas user in Europe. Bioelectricity production
facilities established in the United Kingdom have reached 6 GW in 2017, with a
grouping of frozen biomass fuel, MSW, and (AD) anaerobic digestion (Renewable
Energy 2018), with an energy invention of 31.8 TWh. Countries with moderate
biogas production at the lower end contain Denmark, Austria, the Czech Republic,
and Bulgaria in Europe. Denmark is extremely knowledgeable to utilize viable
biogas services and has been encouraging technologies for the treatment of
co-digested compost, source-separate municipal solid waste (MSW), and clean
biological industrial wastes for decades. Denmark utilizes “green pricing,” a strategy
instrument that offers opportunities for companies using biogas to produce electricity to encourage the use of biogas (Aryal et al. 2018). There is a subsidy system to
assist in the creation of an agricultural biogas plant that processes purposeful yield in
the Czech Republic (Vochozka et al. 2018). Bulgaria has promoted biogas plants by
utilizing the praise line up for “energy efficiency and renewable energy sources for
Bulgaria” in which plan may accept up to 20% grants (Kolchakov et al. 2017).
In the beginning of 2002, Austria had increased the installed ability of biogas from
15 MW to about 80 MW by the end of 2015 due to feed-in tariff and green electricity
act (Stürmer 2017). Feed-in tariff differs depending on plant’s technology and capacity
and the source of biogas such as landfill gas or sewage gas (Pablo-Romero et al. 2017).
108
G. Monika et al.