the environment, and the subsequent hydraulic phase ensures transport of a suspension of a remediation mixture and a solid proppant in the fractured environment. This
ensures that the created cracks will remain open in the long term. Such a combination
of pneumatic and hydraulic fracturing may be suitably technically implemented by
means of penetration probes without casing, formed by the direct push method.
Figure 32.3 schematically shows the whole setup for enhanced delivery of in situ
remediation substances in contaminated soil.
References
Schuring JR (2002) Fracturing technologies to enhance remediation. Technology evaluation report.
GWRTAC
Siegrist RL, Urynowicz MA, West OR, Crimi ML, Lowe KS (2001) Principles and practices of in
situ chemical oxidation using permanganate. Battelle Press, Columbus
Suthersan SS (1997) Hydraulic and pneumatic fracturing. In: Remediation engineering: design
concepts. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, pp 237–254
Zeidler I, Pašiak J (1986) Zhodnotenie výsledkov hydraulického štěpenia nízkopriepustných
kolektorov. Zemní plyn a nafta 31(2):251–260
Fig. 32.3 Fracturing for enhanced delivery of in situ remediation substances in contaminated soil
using combination of pneumatic and hydraulic fracturing
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J. Kukačka and P. Kvapil