420
A. V. Maslov and V. N. Astratov
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=3.5
Image
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
x/λ=-1.487
-2.843
-5.545
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-3.404
-4.707
-9.836
-12
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=6.85
x/λ=-3.511
-7.921
-12
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=9.8
x/λ=-5.158
-6.419
-12.52
Fig. 16.6 Cuts through the images shown in Fig. 16.5
Table 16.2 Properties of images shown in Fig. 16.6 at various sizes D/λ and plane-of-focus (virtual
plane) positions x for a fixed d/λ = 0.1. W is the width of the image, M is the magnification
D/λ
−x/λ
W/λ
M
W/(Mλ)
1
3.5
2.843
0.635
1.54
0.413
2
3.5
5.545
1.30
3.00
0.433
3
6.735
4.707
0.435
1.36
0.320
4
6.735
9.836
0.998
2.84
0.352
5
6.735
12
1.21
3.46
0.348
6
6.85
7.921
1.04
2.25
0.462
7
6.85
12
1.49
3.40
0.438
8
9.8
12.52
1.12
2.50
0.446
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-4.707
Image
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ=+0.160
y/λ=-0.160
tot.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-9.836
y/λ=+0.176
y/λ=-0.176
tot.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.85
x/λ=-7.921
(a)
(b)
(c)
y/λ=+0.231
y/λ=-0.231
tot.
Fig. 16.7 Images created by two incoherent point sources individually and their superposition for
several parameter sets listed in Table 16.2. In the legends, the values y/λ are the displacements of
the sources from the optical axis and x/λ are the plane-of-focus locations
can obtain some enhancement up to W/(Mλ) ∼ 0.32 but multiple sidelobes may
significantly reduce the image quality. This value can be further increased if imaging performed in immersion mode ε b = 1 using high-index microparticle. With the
immersion enhancement equal to
√
ε b ≈ 1.3 − 1.5 the resolution values obtained
from the classical incoherent theory change from ∼λ/4 to ∼λ/5.6 (for the same
index contrast 1.4). However, they still remain worse than the resolution of λ/7
estimated from the experiments.
A. V. Maslov and V. N. Astratov
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=3.5
Image
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
x/λ=-1.487
-2.843
-5.545
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-3.404
-4.707
-9.836
-12
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=6.85
x/λ=-3.511
-7.921
-12
0
1
2
3
4
D/λ=9.8
x/λ=-5.158
-6.419
-12.52
Fig. 16.6 Cuts through the images shown in Fig. 16.5
Table 16.2 Properties of images shown in Fig. 16.6 at various sizes D/λ and plane-of-focus (virtual
plane) positions x for a fixed d/λ = 0.1. W is the width of the image, M is the magnification
D/λ
−x/λ
W/λ
M
W/(Mλ)
1
3.5
2.843
0.635
1.54
0.413
2
3.5
5.545
1.30
3.00
0.433
3
6.735
4.707
0.435
1.36
0.320
4
6.735
9.836
0.998
2.84
0.352
5
6.735
12
1.21
3.46
0.348
6
6.85
7.921
1.04
2.25
0.462
7
6.85
12
1.49
3.40
0.438
8
9.8
12.52
1.12
2.50
0.446
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-4.707
Image
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ
y/λ=+0.160
y/λ=-0.160
tot.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.735
x/λ=-9.836
y/λ=+0.176
y/λ=-0.176
tot.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
D/λ=6.85
x/λ=-7.921
(a)
(b)
(c)
y/λ=+0.231
y/λ=-0.231
tot.
Fig. 16.7 Images created by two incoherent point sources individually and their superposition for
several parameter sets listed in Table 16.2. In the legends, the values y/λ are the displacements of
the sources from the optical axis and x/λ are the plane-of-focus locations
can obtain some enhancement up to W/(Mλ) ∼ 0.32 but multiple sidelobes may
significantly reduce the image quality. This value can be further increased if imaging performed in immersion mode ε b = 1 using high-index microparticle. With the
immersion enhancement equal to
√
ε b ≈ 1.3 − 1.5 the resolution values obtained
from the classical incoherent theory change from ∼λ/4 to ∼λ/5.6 (for the same
index contrast 1.4). However, they still remain worse than the resolution of λ/7
estimated from the experiments.