Table 19.2
Hepatobiliary excretable nanoparticles
Type of Nanoparticle
Size (nm)
Strategy
Animal model
Imaging
Quantification
Hepatobiliary
excretion
References
Silica NP
MSN
80
High surface
charge
Nude mice/SD
rat
Fluorescence
ICP–AES
Clearance
onset from
30 min
[53]
MSN
110
None
ICR mice
TEM
ICP–AES
Elimination
within 24 h
[51]
ORMOSIL
20
High surface
charge
Athymic nude
mice
Fluorescence
Gammacounting 100% after
15 days
[54]
MSN–FITC
100–130
None
Xenograft
tumor-bearing
BALB/c nude
mice
None
ICP–AES
21% in 96 h
[58]
Aminoclay
36–65
None
ICR mice
Fluorescence
HPLC
41% in 72 h
[59]
Gadolinium
NP
Gd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-bis-oleate
220
None
Rat
MR
cholangiography
None
Entry into
biliary tree
within 5 min
[56]
Gd-cholesterol-HDL
nanoparticle
20–25
Cholesterol and
HDL
SD rats
MRI
None
Enters
duodenum in
5 min
[55]
Gold NP
195
Au–LDL
20
Gadolinium
chloride (RES
saturation), LDL
SD rats
TEM
Gamma
counting
50%ID in
22 days after
RES
saturation
[50]
BSA–Au nanorods
55.6
 13.3 None
SD rats
None
ICP–MS
1.5%ID in
14 days
[60]
(continued)
362
H.-J. Im