ADEME has published guidelines on feasibility studies and multiphase modeling
(ADEME 2009), as well as an updated version, on how to improve treatability and
feasibility, particularly by way of enhancement techniques (ADEME et al. 2018).
Moreover, in 2007, the French Ministry of Ecological and Inclusive Transition
(known then as Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development) developed a
methodology for managing polluted sites and soils (later updated in 2017) (MEEM
2017c). The methodology highlights the need to perform extensive monitoring, as
well as feasibility and treatability tests before implementing costly full-scale remediation operations (MEEM 2017a, b).
Based on field feedback, it has become clear that too many sites have undergone
remediation without always having a clear idea of the extent of the contamination
source (particularly chlorinated compounds), resulting in lengthy and inefficient
pump-and-treat operations. To rectify this flawed approach, new regulatory guidelines are needed to impose compliance with steps to accurately monitor pollution
source. Research and development efforts are currently underway nationally to
improve the monitoring standards of polluted sites and soils, by way of passive
sampling (to monitor soil gases), dynamic extraction tests, phytoscreening, applied
geophysics, and environmental forensics.
Finally, for more than a decade collaborative research and development projects
(partnerships between remediation companies, polluted site owners, and research
institutes) have been ongoing to improve and innovate in the field of in situ and
on-site remediation. These projects are mainly financed by ADEME, and regional
government bodies.
2.7 Case Studies
Two case studies conducted in France on free product recovery are presented below.
The first case concerns LNAPL recovery in Burgundy, and the second one concerns
DNAPL recovery in eastern France (Franche-Comté region).
Fig. 2.22 Variability of average costs for treatment techniques of groundwater (€ m
À3
) in France—
in 2012 (excluding taxes) (ADEME and Ernst & Young 2014)
100
S. Colombano et al.
(ADEME 2009), as well as an updated version, on how to improve treatability and
feasibility, particularly by way of enhancement techniques (ADEME et al. 2018).
Moreover, in 2007, the French Ministry of Ecological and Inclusive Transition
(known then as Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development) developed a
methodology for managing polluted sites and soils (later updated in 2017) (MEEM
2017c). The methodology highlights the need to perform extensive monitoring, as
well as feasibility and treatability tests before implementing costly full-scale remediation operations (MEEM 2017a, b).
Based on field feedback, it has become clear that too many sites have undergone
remediation without always having a clear idea of the extent of the contamination
source (particularly chlorinated compounds), resulting in lengthy and inefficient
pump-and-treat operations. To rectify this flawed approach, new regulatory guidelines are needed to impose compliance with steps to accurately monitor pollution
source. Research and development efforts are currently underway nationally to
improve the monitoring standards of polluted sites and soils, by way of passive
sampling (to monitor soil gases), dynamic extraction tests, phytoscreening, applied
geophysics, and environmental forensics.
Finally, for more than a decade collaborative research and development projects
(partnerships between remediation companies, polluted site owners, and research
institutes) have been ongoing to improve and innovate in the field of in situ and
on-site remediation. These projects are mainly financed by ADEME, and regional
government bodies.
2.7 Case Studies
Two case studies conducted in France on free product recovery are presented below.
The first case concerns LNAPL recovery in Burgundy, and the second one concerns
DNAPL recovery in eastern France (Franche-Comté region).
Fig. 2.22 Variability of average costs for treatment techniques of groundwater (€ m
À3
) in France—
in 2012 (excluding taxes) (ADEME and Ernst & Young 2014)
100
S. Colombano et al.