enabled the research team to explain the concept of resilience, receive feedback and
generate community interest for the rest of the study.
4
Table 1 (continued)
42
Community-managed landscape
43
Use of local ecosystem for ecotourism
44
Age groups awareness of resilient local knowledge
45
Mechanisms to transfer knowledge
Socio-economic resilience
46
Security in land tenure
47
Collective memories of past disaster
49
Diversified livelihood strategies
50
Access to money transfers and remittances from cities
51
Access to savings and credit schemes
52
Equity in wealth distribution
53
Livestock income
54
Small-scale businesses (milling, provision stores)
55
Livestock and poultry holdings
56
Secured food supply during disaster
57
Available and access to local markets and trade links
58
Active labour force in community
59
Secured water for domestic use
60
Access to electricity
61
Access to common-pool resources
62
Active social support and network system
63
Intra-community DRR information cooperation
64
Inter-community DRR information cooperation
65
Coordination and collaboration with external agencies
66
Household savings per capita
67
Share of population in formal employment
68
Ability to obtain credit
69
Change in dietary pattern
70
Unemployment rate
71
Existence of self-help groups
72
Women voices heard in decision-making
73
Youth involvement in decision-making
4 The aforementioned process was a central element of the CECAR-Africa project, which aimed at
developing and implementing a community-based resilience enhancement framework in rural
communities in Ghana that are vulnerable to floods and droughts (Sect. 6.2.2). This framework
drew on the participation of relevant stakeholders at the local, district, regional, national and global
levels, and is referred to as the ‘Ghana Model’ (Saito et al. 2018b).
198
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