Table 3.5 (continued)
Mechanisms and underlying processes
Studies
Negative
Conversion of grazing land for industrial crop
production reduces livestock production
Waswa et al. (2009a, b); Von Maltitz et al.
(2016); Williamson et al. (2005)
Conversion of cropland used for animal feed for
industrial crop production reduces livestock
production
Timko et al. (2014)
A4. Labour or capital
Negative
Smallholder-based industrial crop production
requires intensive labour, thus reducing or
diverting labour from food crop production on
family farms
Negash and Swinnen (2013); Arndt et al.
(2011); Bosch and Zeller (2013); German et al.
(2011); Grimsby et al. (2012); Kalinda et al.
(2015); van Eijck et al. (2012); Abudulai
(2016); Naughton et al. (2017); Fortucci
(2002); Laris et al. (2015); Leathers (1999);
Moseley (2001); Anderman et al. (2014);
Kiewisch (2015); Oluyole et al. (2009);
Wiredu et al. (2011)
Employment in industrial crop plantations
reduces or diverts the labour from food crop
production on family farms
Romijn et al. (2014); Von Maltitz et al. (2016);
Brambilla and Portoy (2011); Kaminski et al.
(2011); Laris and Foltz (2014); Sodjinou et al.
(2015); Vitale et al. (2011); Ismael et al. (2002)
High labour demand in industrial crop plantations increases the local agricultural labour
costs
Borman et al. (2013)
Production of organic industrial crops increases
labour intensiveness, further reducing or
diverting labour from food crop production on
family farms
Williamson et al. (2005)
Adoption of fair-trade and sustainable certification standards and practices for industrial
crop production prohibits children from contributing to food crop production on family
farms
van Eijck et al. (2014); Bassett (2010)
A5. Farming inputs
Positive
Engagement in smallholder-based industrial
crop production improves access to fertilizers,
which enhances food crop yields
Matenga (2016); Terry (2007); Brambilla and
Portoy (2011); Mohammed et al. (2013);
Delpeuch and Leblois (2014); Govereha and
Jayne (2003); Kaminski et al. (2011); Laris and
Foltz (2014); Laris et al. (2015); Moseley
(2001); Ripoche et al. (2015); Sodjinou et al.
(2015); Theriault and Tschirley (2014);
Wiredu et al. (2011)
Engagement in smallholder-based industrial
crop production improves access to other
non-fertilizer agricultural assets and inputs
e.g. seeds, extension, training, credit, which
improves food crop production and yields
Bussolo et al. (2007); Negash and Swinnen
(2013); Bosch and Zeller (2013); Mohammed
et al. (2013)
(continued)
3 Linking Industrial Crop Production and Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa:. . .
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