Food Waste Composting at Faculty of Engineering …
183
77.2
75.0
76.8
76.2
75.6
60.00
62.00
64.00
66.00
68.00
70.00
72.00
74.00
76.00
78.00
80.00
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
Moisture Content (%)
Days
Fig. 6 Moisture content of food waste collected from FKJ Cafeteria UMS
to correct the C: N ratio and to absorb the excess moisture. Moreover, cooked food
waste composter is highly recommended to be mixed with bulking agent such as
woodchip, wood pellets or sawdust (‘Carry on Composting’, n.d.). It is important to
monitor the moisture content of the composter containing high-moisture food waste
such as fruits as they may become too moist. Constant turning to aerate dry coir or
adding shredded paper is normally proposed to absorb excess moisture (‘Carry on
Composting’, n.d.).
3.2.3 Density of Food Waste
Figure 7 shows density of food waste measured daily. The average density of the
food waste was in the range of 2733–3877 kg/m
3 , with the highest density recorded
on Wednesday and the lowest density recorded on Friday. From the error bars, it can
be concluded that the difference in the density value per days was not significant.
Generally, different condition of food waste being measured will result in different
density values. For instance, raw food waste will result in higher density while processed food waste results in lower density value (Zen et al. 2016). Further statistical
analysis will be shown in Sect. 3.2.4 to further confirm if the density is dependent
on the days.
3.2.4 Statistical Analysis
Food Waste Generation
Table 5 shows the results of one-way ANOVA analyses on the weight of food waste
for five days, in 4 weeks. Based on the results, F = 1.128 and p < 0.367, while the
critical value of F is 3.239. There is no statistically significant difference in mean
for the four weeks listed for analysis at the significance level of 0.05 because the F
183
77.2
75.0
76.8
76.2
75.6
60.00
62.00
64.00
66.00
68.00
70.00
72.00
74.00
76.00
78.00
80.00
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
Moisture Content (%)
Days
Fig. 6 Moisture content of food waste collected from FKJ Cafeteria UMS
to correct the C: N ratio and to absorb the excess moisture. Moreover, cooked food
waste composter is highly recommended to be mixed with bulking agent such as
woodchip, wood pellets or sawdust (‘Carry on Composting’, n.d.). It is important to
monitor the moisture content of the composter containing high-moisture food waste
such as fruits as they may become too moist. Constant turning to aerate dry coir or
adding shredded paper is normally proposed to absorb excess moisture (‘Carry on
Composting’, n.d.).
3.2.3 Density of Food Waste
Figure 7 shows density of food waste measured daily. The average density of the
food waste was in the range of 2733–3877 kg/m
3 , with the highest density recorded
on Wednesday and the lowest density recorded on Friday. From the error bars, it can
be concluded that the difference in the density value per days was not significant.
Generally, different condition of food waste being measured will result in different
density values. For instance, raw food waste will result in higher density while processed food waste results in lower density value (Zen et al. 2016). Further statistical
analysis will be shown in Sect. 3.2.4 to further confirm if the density is dependent
on the days.
3.2.4 Statistical Analysis
Food Waste Generation
Table 5 shows the results of one-way ANOVA analyses on the weight of food waste
for five days, in 4 weeks. Based on the results, F = 1.128 and p < 0.367, while the
critical value of F is 3.239. There is no statistically significant difference in mean
for the four weeks listed for analysis at the significance level of 0.05 because the F