31
Robinson R, Qureshi IA, Klancher CA et al (2015) Contribution to catalysis of ornithine binding
residues in ornithine N5-monooxygenase. Arch Biochem Biophys 585:25–31
Rodgers J, Stone TW, Barret MP et al (2009) Kynurenine pathway inhibition reduces central nervous system inflammation in a model of human African trypanosomiasis. Brain 132:1259–1267
Schauer K, Rodionov DA, Reuse H de (2008) New substrates for TonB-dependent transport: do we
only see the ‘tip of the iceberg’? Trends Biochem Sci 33:330–338
Schrettl M, Bignell E, Kragl C et al (2004) Siderophore biosynthesis but not reductive iron assimilation is essential for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence. J Exp Med 200:1213–1219
Skaar EP (2010) The battle for iron between bacterial pathogens and their vertebrate hosts. PLoS
Pathog 6:e1000949
Stack D, Neville C, Doyle S (2007) Nonribosomal peptide synthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus and
other fungi. Microbiology 153:1297–1306
Steinbach W (2010) Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in neonates and children. Clin
Microbiol Infect 16:1321–1327
Stirrett KL, Ferreras JA, Jayaprakash V et al (2008) Small molecules with structural similarities to
siderophores as novel antimicrobials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Yersinia pestis.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett 18:2662–2668
Sunenshine RH, Wright MO, Maragakis LL et al (2007) Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infection mortality rate and length of hospitalization. Emerg Infect Dis 13:97–103
Van der Helm D, Winkelmann G (1994) Hydroxamates and polycarboxylates as iron transport
agents (siderophores) in fungi. In: Winkelmann G, Winge D (eds) Metal ions in fungi. Marcel
Dekker, New York, pp 39–98
Vasil ML, Ochsner UA (1999) The response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to iron: genetics, biochemistry and virulence. Mol Microbiol 34:399–413
von Döhren H (2004) Biochemistry and general genetics of nonribosomal peptide synthetases in
fungi. In: Molecular biotechnology of fungal beta-lactam antibiotics and related peptide synthetases. Springer, Berlin, pp 217–264
World Health Organization (2014) Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance
Yasmin S, Alcazar-Fuoli L, Gründlinger M et al (2012) Mevalonate governs interdependency of
ergosterol and siderophore biosyntheses in the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:E497–E504
Zwilling D, Huang SY, Sathyasaikumar KV et al (2011) Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibition
in blood ameliorates neurodegeneration. Cell 145:863–874
2 Inhibition of Siderophores in Blocking Fungal Infection
Robinson R, Qureshi IA, Klancher CA et al (2015) Contribution to catalysis of ornithine binding
residues in ornithine N5-monooxygenase. Arch Biochem Biophys 585:25–31
Rodgers J, Stone TW, Barret MP et al (2009) Kynurenine pathway inhibition reduces central nervous system inflammation in a model of human African trypanosomiasis. Brain 132:1259–1267
Schauer K, Rodionov DA, Reuse H de (2008) New substrates for TonB-dependent transport: do we
only see the ‘tip of the iceberg’? Trends Biochem Sci 33:330–338
Schrettl M, Bignell E, Kragl C et al (2004) Siderophore biosynthesis but not reductive iron assimilation is essential for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence. J Exp Med 200:1213–1219
Skaar EP (2010) The battle for iron between bacterial pathogens and their vertebrate hosts. PLoS
Pathog 6:e1000949
Stack D, Neville C, Doyle S (2007) Nonribosomal peptide synthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus and
other fungi. Microbiology 153:1297–1306
Steinbach W (2010) Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in neonates and children. Clin
Microbiol Infect 16:1321–1327
Stirrett KL, Ferreras JA, Jayaprakash V et al (2008) Small molecules with structural similarities to
siderophores as novel antimicrobials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Yersinia pestis.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett 18:2662–2668
Sunenshine RH, Wright MO, Maragakis LL et al (2007) Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infection mortality rate and length of hospitalization. Emerg Infect Dis 13:97–103
Van der Helm D, Winkelmann G (1994) Hydroxamates and polycarboxylates as iron transport
agents (siderophores) in fungi. In: Winkelmann G, Winge D (eds) Metal ions in fungi. Marcel
Dekker, New York, pp 39–98
Vasil ML, Ochsner UA (1999) The response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to iron: genetics, biochemistry and virulence. Mol Microbiol 34:399–413
von Döhren H (2004) Biochemistry and general genetics of nonribosomal peptide synthetases in
fungi. In: Molecular biotechnology of fungal beta-lactam antibiotics and related peptide synthetases. Springer, Berlin, pp 217–264
World Health Organization (2014) Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance
Yasmin S, Alcazar-Fuoli L, Gründlinger M et al (2012) Mevalonate governs interdependency of
ergosterol and siderophore biosyntheses in the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:E497–E504
Zwilling D, Huang SY, Sathyasaikumar KV et al (2011) Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibition
in blood ameliorates neurodegeneration. Cell 145:863–874
2 Inhibition of Siderophores in Blocking Fungal Infection