203
8
Clauzel, J. 1989. Administrateur de la France d’Outre-Mer. Paris: Editions Jeanne Laffitte.
Daniel, S. 2012. AQMI. L’industrie de l’enlèvement. Mesnil-sur-l’Estrée: Fayard.
Dardel, C., L. Kergoat, E. Mougin, P. Hiernaux, M. Grippa, and C.J. Tucker. 2014. Re-greening
Sahel: 30 years of remote sensing data and field observations (Mali, Niger). Remote Sensing of
Environment 140: 350–364.
Davis, D.K. 2016. The arid lands: History, power, knowledge. Cambridge: MIT Press.
De Bruijn, M., and H. Van Dijk. 2005. Moving people: Pathways of Fulbe pastoralists in the HayreSeeno area, Central Mali. In Sahelian pathways: Climate and society in central and south Mali,
Report 78/2005, ed. M. De Bruijn, H. Van Dijk, M. Kaag, and K. Van Til, 247–273. Leiden:
African Studies Centre.
Descroix, L., A. Diongue Niang, G. Panthou, A. Bodian, Y. Sane, H. Dacosta, M. Malam Abdou,
J.P. Vandervaere, and G. Quantin. 2015. Évolution récente de la pluviométrie en Afrique de
l’ouest à travers deux régions: la Sénégambie et le Bassin du Niger Moyen. Climatologie 12:
25–43.
Diamond, J. 2005. Collapse: How societies choose to fail or survive. London: Allen Lane.
Dyer, G. 2010. Climate wars. The fight for survival as the world overheats. Oxford: Oneworld.
Fairhead, J. 2001. International dimensions of conflict over natural and environmental resources. In
Violent environments, ed. N.L. Peluso and M. Watts, 213–236. Ithaca and London: Cornell
University Press.
Fensholt, R., I. Sandholt, S. Stisen, and C. Tucker. 2006. Analysing NDVI for the African continent
using the geostationary meteosat second generation SEVIRI sensor. Remote Sensing of
Environment 101 (2): 212–229.
Gallais, J. 1975. Pasteurs et paysans du Gourma: La condition Sahelienne. Paris: Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique.
Giannini, A. 2016. 40 years of climate modelling: The causes of late-20th century drought in the
Sahel. In The end of desertification? Disputing environmental change in the drylands, ed. R. Behnke
and M. Mortimore. Heidelberg: Springer.
Gleditsch, N.P. 1998. Armed conflict and the environment: A critique of the literature. Journal of
Peace Research 35 (3): 363–380.
Harmon, S.A. 2014. Terror and insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel region. London: Routledge.
Hartmann, B. 2014. Converging on disaster: Climate security and the Malthusian anticipatory regime
for Africa. Geopolitics 19: 757–783.
Herrmann, S.M., A. Anyamba, and C.J. Tucker. 2005. Recent trends in vegetation dynamics in the
African Sahel and their relationship to climate. Global Environmental Change 15 (4): 394–404.
Homer-Dixon, T. 1994. Environmental scarcities and violent conflict. Evidence from cases.
International Security 19 (1): 5–40.
———. 1999. Environment, scarcity, and violence. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hsiang, S., M. Burke, and E. Miguel. 2013. Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict.
Science 341 (6151): 1235367.
Hulme, M. 2014. Reducing the future to climate: A story of climate determinism and reductionism.
Osiris 26 (1): 245–266.
Hutchinson, C.F., S.M. Herrmann, T. Maukonen, and J. Weber. 2005. Introduction: The ‘greening’
of the Sahel. Journal of Arid Environments 63: 535–537.
Ibrahim, I.Y. 2017. The wave of jihadist insurgency in West Africa: Global ideology, local context,
individual motivations, West African Papers, No. 07. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Kahl, C.H. 2006. States, scarcity, and civil strife in the developing world. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Kaplan, R.D. 1994. The coming anarchy: How scarcity, crime, overpopulation, and disease are rapidly destroying the social fabric of our planet. Atlantic Monthly, February, pp. 44–76.
Klute, G. 1995. Hostilités et alliances. Archéologie de la dissidence des touaregs au Mali. Cahiers
d’Études Africaines 137 (XXXV-1): 55–71.
Koubi, V. 2019. Climate change and conflict. Annual Review of Political Science 22: 343–360.
Leach, M., and R. Mearns, eds. 1996. The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African
environment. Oxford: James Currey.
References
8
Clauzel, J. 1989. Administrateur de la France d’Outre-Mer. Paris: Editions Jeanne Laffitte.
Daniel, S. 2012. AQMI. L’industrie de l’enlèvement. Mesnil-sur-l’Estrée: Fayard.
Dardel, C., L. Kergoat, E. Mougin, P. Hiernaux, M. Grippa, and C.J. Tucker. 2014. Re-greening
Sahel: 30 years of remote sensing data and field observations (Mali, Niger). Remote Sensing of
Environment 140: 350–364.
Davis, D.K. 2016. The arid lands: History, power, knowledge. Cambridge: MIT Press.
De Bruijn, M., and H. Van Dijk. 2005. Moving people: Pathways of Fulbe pastoralists in the HayreSeeno area, Central Mali. In Sahelian pathways: Climate and society in central and south Mali,
Report 78/2005, ed. M. De Bruijn, H. Van Dijk, M. Kaag, and K. Van Til, 247–273. Leiden:
African Studies Centre.
Descroix, L., A. Diongue Niang, G. Panthou, A. Bodian, Y. Sane, H. Dacosta, M. Malam Abdou,
J.P. Vandervaere, and G. Quantin. 2015. Évolution récente de la pluviométrie en Afrique de
l’ouest à travers deux régions: la Sénégambie et le Bassin du Niger Moyen. Climatologie 12:
25–43.
Diamond, J. 2005. Collapse: How societies choose to fail or survive. London: Allen Lane.
Dyer, G. 2010. Climate wars. The fight for survival as the world overheats. Oxford: Oneworld.
Fairhead, J. 2001. International dimensions of conflict over natural and environmental resources. In
Violent environments, ed. N.L. Peluso and M. Watts, 213–236. Ithaca and London: Cornell
University Press.
Fensholt, R., I. Sandholt, S. Stisen, and C. Tucker. 2006. Analysing NDVI for the African continent
using the geostationary meteosat second generation SEVIRI sensor. Remote Sensing of
Environment 101 (2): 212–229.
Gallais, J. 1975. Pasteurs et paysans du Gourma: La condition Sahelienne. Paris: Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique.
Giannini, A. 2016. 40 years of climate modelling: The causes of late-20th century drought in the
Sahel. In The end of desertification? Disputing environmental change in the drylands, ed. R. Behnke
and M. Mortimore. Heidelberg: Springer.
Gleditsch, N.P. 1998. Armed conflict and the environment: A critique of the literature. Journal of
Peace Research 35 (3): 363–380.
Harmon, S.A. 2014. Terror and insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel region. London: Routledge.
Hartmann, B. 2014. Converging on disaster: Climate security and the Malthusian anticipatory regime
for Africa. Geopolitics 19: 757–783.
Herrmann, S.M., A. Anyamba, and C.J. Tucker. 2005. Recent trends in vegetation dynamics in the
African Sahel and their relationship to climate. Global Environmental Change 15 (4): 394–404.
Homer-Dixon, T. 1994. Environmental scarcities and violent conflict. Evidence from cases.
International Security 19 (1): 5–40.
———. 1999. Environment, scarcity, and violence. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hsiang, S., M. Burke, and E. Miguel. 2013. Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict.
Science 341 (6151): 1235367.
Hulme, M. 2014. Reducing the future to climate: A story of climate determinism and reductionism.
Osiris 26 (1): 245–266.
Hutchinson, C.F., S.M. Herrmann, T. Maukonen, and J. Weber. 2005. Introduction: The ‘greening’
of the Sahel. Journal of Arid Environments 63: 535–537.
Ibrahim, I.Y. 2017. The wave of jihadist insurgency in West Africa: Global ideology, local context,
individual motivations, West African Papers, No. 07. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Kahl, C.H. 2006. States, scarcity, and civil strife in the developing world. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Kaplan, R.D. 1994. The coming anarchy: How scarcity, crime, overpopulation, and disease are rapidly destroying the social fabric of our planet. Atlantic Monthly, February, pp. 44–76.
Klute, G. 1995. Hostilités et alliances. Archéologie de la dissidence des touaregs au Mali. Cahiers
d’Études Africaines 137 (XXXV-1): 55–71.
Koubi, V. 2019. Climate change and conflict. Annual Review of Political Science 22: 343–360.
Leach, M., and R. Mearns, eds. 1996. The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African
environment. Oxford: James Currey.
References