69
56. Kaushik, S., & Cuervo, A. M. (2015). Proteostasis and aging. Nature Medicine, 21(12),
1406–1415.
57. Kohn, J. C., Lampi, M. C., & Reinhart-King, C. A. (2015). Age-related vascular stiffening:
Causes and consequences. Frontiers in Genetics, 6, 112.
58. Kuro-o, M., et al. (1997). Mutation of the mouse klotho gene leads to a syndrome resembling
ageing. Nature, 390(6655), 45–51.
59. Laina, A., Stellos, K., & Stamatelopoulos, K. (2017). Vascular ageing: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Experimental Gerontology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
exger.2017.06.007
60. Laurent, S., et al. (2006). Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: Methodological
issues and clinical applications. European Heart Journal, 27(21), 2588–2605.
61. Lesniewski, L. A., et al. (2011). Aerobic exercise reverses arterial inflammation with aging
in mice. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 301(3),
H1025–H1032.
62. Li, Y. S., Haga, J. H., & Chien, S. (2005). Molecular basis of the effects of shear stress on
vascular endothelial cells. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(10), 1949–1971.
63. Liu, G. H., et al. (2011). Recapitulation of premature ageing with iPSCs from HutchinsonGilford progeria syndrome. Nature, 472(7342), 221–225.
64. Liu, Y., Drozdov, I., Shroff, R., Beltran, L. E., & Shanahan, C. M. (2013). Prelamin A accelerates vascular calcification via activation of the DNA damage response and senescenceassociated secretory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation Research,
112(10), e99–e109.
65. Lo, C. Y., et al. (2014). An upregulation in the expression of vanilloid transient potential
channels 2 enhances hypotonicity-induced cytosolic Ca(2)(+) rise in human induced pluripotent stem cell model of Hutchinson-Gillford Progeria. PLoS One, 9(1), e87273.
66. London, G. M. (2013). Mechanisms of arterial calcifications and consequences for cardiovascular function. Kidney International Supplements, 3(5), 442–445.
67. López-Otín, C., et al. (2013). The hallmarks of aging. Cell, 153(6), 1194–1217.
68. Ly, D. H., et al. (2000). Mitotic misregulation and human aging. Science, 287(5462),
2486–2492.
69. Malek, A. M., Alper, S. L., & Izumo, S. (1999). Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in
atherosclerosis. JAMA, 282(21), 2035–2042.
70. Malinin, N. L., West, X. Z., & Byzova, T. V. (2011). Oxidation as “the stress of life”. Aging
(Albany NY), 3(9), 906–910.
71. Maslov, A. Y., & Vijg, J. (2009). Genome instability, cancer and aging. Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, 1790(10), 963–969.
72. Massip, L., et al. (2006). Increased insulin, triglycerides, reactive oxygen species, and cardiac
fibrosis in mice with a mutation in the helicase domain of the Werner syndrome gene homologue. Experimental Gerontology, 41(2), 157–168.
73. Matsushita, H., et al. (2001). eNOS activity is reduced in senescent human endothelial cells:
Preservation by hTERT immortalization. Circulation Research, 89(9), 793–798.
74. McClintock, D., Gordon, L. B., & Djabali, K. (2006). Hutchinson-Gilford progeria mutant
lamin A primarily targets human vascular cells as detected by an anti-lamin A G608G antibody. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
103(7), 2154–2159.
75. McClintock, D., et al. (2007). The mutant form of lamin A that causes Hutchinson-Gilford
progeria is a biomarker of cellular aging in human skin. PLoS One, 2(12), e1269.
76. McCrann, D. J., et al. (2009). Upregulation of Nox4 in the aging vasculature and its association with smooth muscle cell polyploidy. Cell Cycle, 8(6), 902–908.
77. McNulty, M., et al. (2005). Aging is associated with increased matrix metalloproteinase-2
activity in the human aorta. American Journal of Hypertension, 18(4 Pt 1), 504–509.
78. Meerwaldt, R., et al. (2004). Simple non-invasive assessment of advanced glycation endproduct accumulation. Diabetologia, 47(7), 1324–1330.
3 Physiological and Pathological Vascular Aging
56. Kaushik, S., & Cuervo, A. M. (2015). Proteostasis and aging. Nature Medicine, 21(12),
1406–1415.
57. Kohn, J. C., Lampi, M. C., & Reinhart-King, C. A. (2015). Age-related vascular stiffening:
Causes and consequences. Frontiers in Genetics, 6, 112.
58. Kuro-o, M., et al. (1997). Mutation of the mouse klotho gene leads to a syndrome resembling
ageing. Nature, 390(6655), 45–51.
59. Laina, A., Stellos, K., & Stamatelopoulos, K. (2017). Vascular ageing: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Experimental Gerontology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
exger.2017.06.007
60. Laurent, S., et al. (2006). Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: Methodological
issues and clinical applications. European Heart Journal, 27(21), 2588–2605.
61. Lesniewski, L. A., et al. (2011). Aerobic exercise reverses arterial inflammation with aging
in mice. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 301(3),
H1025–H1032.
62. Li, Y. S., Haga, J. H., & Chien, S. (2005). Molecular basis of the effects of shear stress on
vascular endothelial cells. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(10), 1949–1971.
63. Liu, G. H., et al. (2011). Recapitulation of premature ageing with iPSCs from HutchinsonGilford progeria syndrome. Nature, 472(7342), 221–225.
64. Liu, Y., Drozdov, I., Shroff, R., Beltran, L. E., & Shanahan, C. M. (2013). Prelamin A accelerates vascular calcification via activation of the DNA damage response and senescenceassociated secretory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation Research,
112(10), e99–e109.
65. Lo, C. Y., et al. (2014). An upregulation in the expression of vanilloid transient potential
channels 2 enhances hypotonicity-induced cytosolic Ca(2)(+) rise in human induced pluripotent stem cell model of Hutchinson-Gillford Progeria. PLoS One, 9(1), e87273.
66. London, G. M. (2013). Mechanisms of arterial calcifications and consequences for cardiovascular function. Kidney International Supplements, 3(5), 442–445.
67. López-Otín, C., et al. (2013). The hallmarks of aging. Cell, 153(6), 1194–1217.
68. Ly, D. H., et al. (2000). Mitotic misregulation and human aging. Science, 287(5462),
2486–2492.
69. Malek, A. M., Alper, S. L., & Izumo, S. (1999). Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in
atherosclerosis. JAMA, 282(21), 2035–2042.
70. Malinin, N. L., West, X. Z., & Byzova, T. V. (2011). Oxidation as “the stress of life”. Aging
(Albany NY), 3(9), 906–910.
71. Maslov, A. Y., & Vijg, J. (2009). Genome instability, cancer and aging. Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, 1790(10), 963–969.
72. Massip, L., et al. (2006). Increased insulin, triglycerides, reactive oxygen species, and cardiac
fibrosis in mice with a mutation in the helicase domain of the Werner syndrome gene homologue. Experimental Gerontology, 41(2), 157–168.
73. Matsushita, H., et al. (2001). eNOS activity is reduced in senescent human endothelial cells:
Preservation by hTERT immortalization. Circulation Research, 89(9), 793–798.
74. McClintock, D., Gordon, L. B., & Djabali, K. (2006). Hutchinson-Gilford progeria mutant
lamin A primarily targets human vascular cells as detected by an anti-lamin A G608G antibody. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
103(7), 2154–2159.
75. McClintock, D., et al. (2007). The mutant form of lamin A that causes Hutchinson-Gilford
progeria is a biomarker of cellular aging in human skin. PLoS One, 2(12), e1269.
76. McCrann, D. J., et al. (2009). Upregulation of Nox4 in the aging vasculature and its association with smooth muscle cell polyploidy. Cell Cycle, 8(6), 902–908.
77. McNulty, M., et al. (2005). Aging is associated with increased matrix metalloproteinase-2
activity in the human aorta. American Journal of Hypertension, 18(4 Pt 1), 504–509.
78. Meerwaldt, R., et al. (2004). Simple non-invasive assessment of advanced glycation endproduct accumulation. Diabetologia, 47(7), 1324–1330.
3 Physiological and Pathological Vascular Aging