46. Wang K, He MQ, Zhai FH, He RH, Yu YL (2017) A novel electrochemical biosensor based on
polyadenine modified aptamer for label-free and ultrasensitive detection of human breast
cancer cells. Talanta 166:87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.052
47. Zhou F, Yuan L, Wang H, Li D, Chen H (2011) Gold nanoparticle layer: a promising platform
for ultra-sensitive cancer detection. Langmuir 27:2155–2158. https://doi.org/10.1021/
la1049937
48. Qureshi A, Gurbuz Y, Niazi JH (2015) Capacitive aptamer–antibody based sandwich assay for
the detection of VEGF cancer biomarker in serum. Sensors Actuators B Chem 209:645–651.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.12.040
49. Tabrizi MA, Shamsipur M, Farzin L (2015) A high sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for
the determination of VEGF(165) in serum of lung cancer patient. Biosens Bioelectron
74:764–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.032
50. Salven P, Perhoniemi V, Tykkä H, Mäenpää H, Joensuu H (1999) Serum VEGF levels in
women with a benign breast tumor or breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 53(2):161–166
51. Liu C, Liu X, Qin Y, Deng C, Xiang J (2016) A simple regenerable electrochemical aptasensor
for the parallel and continuous detection of biomarkers. RSC Adv 6(63):58469–58476. https://
doi.org/10.1039/C6RA09284E
52. Teke M, Sayikli C, Canbaz C, Sezgintürk MK (2014) A novel biosensing system using
biological receptor for analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor. Int J Pept Res Ther 20
(2):221–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-013-9386-4
53. Pan LH, Kuo SH, Lin TY, Lin CW, Fang PY, Yang HW (2017) An electrochemical biosensor
to simultaneously detect VEGF and PSA for early prostate cancer diagnosis based on graphene
oxide/ssDNA/PLLA nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 89:598–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.bios.2016.01.077
54. Da HM, Liu HY, Zheng YN, Yuan R, Chai YQ (2018) A highly sensitive VEGF(165)
photoelectrochemical biosensor fabricated by assembly of aptamer bridged DNA networks.
Biosens Bioelectron 101:213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.032
55. Achard C, Surendran A, Wedge ME, Ungerechts G, Bell J, Ilkow CS (2018) Lighting a fire in
the tumor microenvironment using oncolytic immunotherapy. EBioMedicine 31:17–24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.020
56. Labib M, Zamay AS, Muharemagic D, Chechik A, Bell JC, Berezovski MV (2012) Electrochemical sensing of aptamer-facilitated virus immunoshielding. Anal Chem 84(3):1677–1686.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac202978r
57. Scudder J, Ye JY (2018) Limulus amoebocyte lysate test via an open-microcavity optical
biosensor. J Biomed Opt 23(2):6. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.Jbo.23.2.027001
58. Su W, Kim SE, Cho M, Nam JD, Choe WS, Lee Y (2013) Selective detection of endotoxin
using an impedance aptasensor with electrochemically deposited gold nanoparticles. Innate
Immun 19(4):388–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753425912465099
59. Posha B, Nambiar SR, Sandhyarani N (2018) Gold atomic cluster mediated electrochemical
aptasensor for the detection of lipopolysaccharide. Biosens Bioelectron 101:199–205. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.030
60. Kim SE, Su W, Cho M, Lee Y, Choe WS (2012) Harnessing aptamers for electrochemical
detection of endotoxin. Anal Biochem 424(1):12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2012.02.
016
61. Zandieh M, Hosseini SN, Vossoughi M, Khatami M, Abbasian S, Moshaii A (2018) Labelfree and simple detection of endotoxins using a sensitive LSPR biosensor based on silver
nanocolumns. Anal Biochem 548:96–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2018.02.023
62. Walter JG, Heilkenbrinker A, Austerjost J, Timur S, Stahl F, Scheper T (2012) Aptasensors for
small molecule detection. ZNaturforsch(B) 67(10):976–986. https://doi.org/10.5560/znb.
2012-0147
63. Roushani M, Shahdost-Fard F (2018) Impedimetric detection of cocaine by using an aptamer
attached to a screen printed electrode modified with a dendrimer/silver nanoparticle
nanocomposite. Microchim Acta 185(4):8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-2709-6
84
J.-A. Preuß et al.
polyadenine modified aptamer for label-free and ultrasensitive detection of human breast
cancer cells. Talanta 166:87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.052
47. Zhou F, Yuan L, Wang H, Li D, Chen H (2011) Gold nanoparticle layer: a promising platform
for ultra-sensitive cancer detection. Langmuir 27:2155–2158. https://doi.org/10.1021/
la1049937
48. Qureshi A, Gurbuz Y, Niazi JH (2015) Capacitive aptamer–antibody based sandwich assay for
the detection of VEGF cancer biomarker in serum. Sensors Actuators B Chem 209:645–651.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.12.040
49. Tabrizi MA, Shamsipur M, Farzin L (2015) A high sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for
the determination of VEGF(165) in serum of lung cancer patient. Biosens Bioelectron
74:764–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.032
50. Salven P, Perhoniemi V, Tykkä H, Mäenpää H, Joensuu H (1999) Serum VEGF levels in
women with a benign breast tumor or breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 53(2):161–166
51. Liu C, Liu X, Qin Y, Deng C, Xiang J (2016) A simple regenerable electrochemical aptasensor
for the parallel and continuous detection of biomarkers. RSC Adv 6(63):58469–58476. https://
doi.org/10.1039/C6RA09284E
52. Teke M, Sayikli C, Canbaz C, Sezgintürk MK (2014) A novel biosensing system using
biological receptor for analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor. Int J Pept Res Ther 20
(2):221–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-013-9386-4
53. Pan LH, Kuo SH, Lin TY, Lin CW, Fang PY, Yang HW (2017) An electrochemical biosensor
to simultaneously detect VEGF and PSA for early prostate cancer diagnosis based on graphene
oxide/ssDNA/PLLA nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 89:598–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.bios.2016.01.077
54. Da HM, Liu HY, Zheng YN, Yuan R, Chai YQ (2018) A highly sensitive VEGF(165)
photoelectrochemical biosensor fabricated by assembly of aptamer bridged DNA networks.
Biosens Bioelectron 101:213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.032
55. Achard C, Surendran A, Wedge ME, Ungerechts G, Bell J, Ilkow CS (2018) Lighting a fire in
the tumor microenvironment using oncolytic immunotherapy. EBioMedicine 31:17–24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.020
56. Labib M, Zamay AS, Muharemagic D, Chechik A, Bell JC, Berezovski MV (2012) Electrochemical sensing of aptamer-facilitated virus immunoshielding. Anal Chem 84(3):1677–1686.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac202978r
57. Scudder J, Ye JY (2018) Limulus amoebocyte lysate test via an open-microcavity optical
biosensor. J Biomed Opt 23(2):6. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.Jbo.23.2.027001
58. Su W, Kim SE, Cho M, Nam JD, Choe WS, Lee Y (2013) Selective detection of endotoxin
using an impedance aptasensor with electrochemically deposited gold nanoparticles. Innate
Immun 19(4):388–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753425912465099
59. Posha B, Nambiar SR, Sandhyarani N (2018) Gold atomic cluster mediated electrochemical
aptasensor for the detection of lipopolysaccharide. Biosens Bioelectron 101:199–205. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.030
60. Kim SE, Su W, Cho M, Lee Y, Choe WS (2012) Harnessing aptamers for electrochemical
detection of endotoxin. Anal Biochem 424(1):12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2012.02.
016
61. Zandieh M, Hosseini SN, Vossoughi M, Khatami M, Abbasian S, Moshaii A (2018) Labelfree and simple detection of endotoxins using a sensitive LSPR biosensor based on silver
nanocolumns. Anal Biochem 548:96–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2018.02.023
62. Walter JG, Heilkenbrinker A, Austerjost J, Timur S, Stahl F, Scheper T (2012) Aptasensors for
small molecule detection. ZNaturforsch(B) 67(10):976–986. https://doi.org/10.5560/znb.
2012-0147
63. Roushani M, Shahdost-Fard F (2018) Impedimetric detection of cocaine by using an aptamer
attached to a screen printed electrode modified with a dendrimer/silver nanoparticle
nanocomposite. Microchim Acta 185(4):8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-2709-6
84
J.-A. Preuß et al.