25. Sheng Q, Liu R, Zhang S, Zheng J (2014) Ultrasensitive electrochemical cocaine biosensor
based on reversible DNA nanostructure. Biosens Bioelectron 51:191–194. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.bios.2013.07.053
26. Yang ZH, Zhuo Y, Yuan R, Chai YQ (2017) Amplified impedimetric aptasensor combining
target-induced DNA hydrogel formation with pH-stimulated signal amplification for the
heparanase assay. Nanoscale 9(7):2556–2562. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6nr08353f
27. Amendola V, Meneghetti M, Stener M, Guo Y, Chen S, Crespo P, García MA, Hernando A,
Pengo P, Pasquato L (2014) Physico-chemical characteristics of gold nanoparticles.
Compr Anal Chem 66:81–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63285-2.00003-1
28. Tian F, Bonnier F, Casey A, Shanahan AE, Byrne HJ (2014) Surface enhanced Raman
scattering with gold nanoparticles: effect of particle shape. Anal Methods 6(22):9116–9123.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ay02112f
29. Talemi RP, Mousavi SM, Afruzi H (2017) Using gold nanostars modified pencil graphite
electrode as a novel substrate for design a sensitive and selective dopamine aptasensor. Mater
Sci Eng C 73:700–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.119
30. Hashemi P, Bagheri H, Afkhami A, Ardakani YH, Madrakian T (2017) Fabrication of a novel
aptasensor based on three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline/gold nanoparticle
composite as a novel platform for high sensitive and specific cocaine detection. Anal Chim Acta
996:10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.035
31. Aghajari R, Azadbakht A (2018) Amplified detection of streptomycin using aptamerconjugated palladium nanoparticles decorated on chitosan-carbon nanotube. Anal Biochem
547:57–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2018.02.005
32. Benvidi A, Banaei M, Tezerjani MD, Molahosseini H, Jahanbani S (2017) Impedimetric
PSA aptasensor based on the use of a glassy carbon electrode modified with titanium oxide
nanoparticles and silk fibroin nanofibers. Mikrochim Acta 185(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00604-017-2589-1
33. Heydari-Bafrooei E, Shamszadeh NS (2017) Electrochemical bioassay development for
ultrasensitive aptasensing of prostate specific antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 91:284–292.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.048
34. Jolly P, Tamboli V, Harniman RL, Estrela P, Allender CJ, Bowen JL (2016) Aptamer-MIP
hybrid receptor for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of prostate specific antigen.
Biosens Bioelectron 75:188–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.043
35. Ertürk G, Özen H, Tümer MA, Mattiasson B, Denizli A (2016) Microcontact imprinting based
surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for real-time and ultrasensitive detection of prostate
specific antigen (PSA) from clinical samples. Sens Actuators B 224:823–832. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.snb.2015.10.093
36. Berggren C, Bjarnason B, Johansson G (2001) Capacitive biosensors. Electroanalysis
13(3):173–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200103)13:3<173::aid-elan173>3.0.co;2-b
37. Daniels JS, Pourmand N (2007) Label-free impedance biosensors: opportunities and challenges.
Electroanalysis 19(12):1239–1257. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.200603855
38. Grover WH (1999) Interdigitated array electrode sensors: their design, efficiency, and
applications. Honors Thesis Projects, University of Tennessee
39. Park JW, Kallempudi SS, Niazi JH, Gurbuz Y, Youn BS, Gu MB (2012) Rapid and sensitive
detection of Nampt (PBEF/visfatin) in human serum using an ssDNA aptamer-based capacitive
biosensor. Biosensors Bioelectron 38(1):233–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2012.05.036
40. Qureshi A, Gurbuz Y, Niazi JH (2015) Label-free capacitance based aptasensor platform for
the detection of HER2/ErbB2 cancer biomarker in serum. Sens Actuators B 220:1145–1151.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.06.094
41. Arya SK, Zhurauski P, Jolly P, Batistuti MR, Mulato M, Estrela P (2018) Capacitive aptasensor
based on interdigitated electrode for breast cancer detection in undiluted human serum. Biosens
Bioelectron 102:106–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.013
Impedimetric Aptamer-Based Biosensors: Principles and Techniques
39
based on reversible DNA nanostructure. Biosens Bioelectron 51:191–194. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.bios.2013.07.053
26. Yang ZH, Zhuo Y, Yuan R, Chai YQ (2017) Amplified impedimetric aptasensor combining
target-induced DNA hydrogel formation with pH-stimulated signal amplification for the
heparanase assay. Nanoscale 9(7):2556–2562. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6nr08353f
27. Amendola V, Meneghetti M, Stener M, Guo Y, Chen S, Crespo P, García MA, Hernando A,
Pengo P, Pasquato L (2014) Physico-chemical characteristics of gold nanoparticles.
Compr Anal Chem 66:81–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63285-2.00003-1
28. Tian F, Bonnier F, Casey A, Shanahan AE, Byrne HJ (2014) Surface enhanced Raman
scattering with gold nanoparticles: effect of particle shape. Anal Methods 6(22):9116–9123.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ay02112f
29. Talemi RP, Mousavi SM, Afruzi H (2017) Using gold nanostars modified pencil graphite
electrode as a novel substrate for design a sensitive and selective dopamine aptasensor. Mater
Sci Eng C 73:700–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.119
30. Hashemi P, Bagheri H, Afkhami A, Ardakani YH, Madrakian T (2017) Fabrication of a novel
aptasensor based on three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline/gold nanoparticle
composite as a novel platform for high sensitive and specific cocaine detection. Anal Chim Acta
996:10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.035
31. Aghajari R, Azadbakht A (2018) Amplified detection of streptomycin using aptamerconjugated palladium nanoparticles decorated on chitosan-carbon nanotube. Anal Biochem
547:57–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2018.02.005
32. Benvidi A, Banaei M, Tezerjani MD, Molahosseini H, Jahanbani S (2017) Impedimetric
PSA aptasensor based on the use of a glassy carbon electrode modified with titanium oxide
nanoparticles and silk fibroin nanofibers. Mikrochim Acta 185(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00604-017-2589-1
33. Heydari-Bafrooei E, Shamszadeh NS (2017) Electrochemical bioassay development for
ultrasensitive aptasensing of prostate specific antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 91:284–292.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.048
34. Jolly P, Tamboli V, Harniman RL, Estrela P, Allender CJ, Bowen JL (2016) Aptamer-MIP
hybrid receptor for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of prostate specific antigen.
Biosens Bioelectron 75:188–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.043
35. Ertürk G, Özen H, Tümer MA, Mattiasson B, Denizli A (2016) Microcontact imprinting based
surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for real-time and ultrasensitive detection of prostate
specific antigen (PSA) from clinical samples. Sens Actuators B 224:823–832. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.snb.2015.10.093
36. Berggren C, Bjarnason B, Johansson G (2001) Capacitive biosensors. Electroanalysis
13(3):173–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200103)13:3<173::aid-elan173>3.0.co;2-b
37. Daniels JS, Pourmand N (2007) Label-free impedance biosensors: opportunities and challenges.
Electroanalysis 19(12):1239–1257. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.200603855
38. Grover WH (1999) Interdigitated array electrode sensors: their design, efficiency, and
applications. Honors Thesis Projects, University of Tennessee
39. Park JW, Kallempudi SS, Niazi JH, Gurbuz Y, Youn BS, Gu MB (2012) Rapid and sensitive
detection of Nampt (PBEF/visfatin) in human serum using an ssDNA aptamer-based capacitive
biosensor. Biosensors Bioelectron 38(1):233–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2012.05.036
40. Qureshi A, Gurbuz Y, Niazi JH (2015) Label-free capacitance based aptasensor platform for
the detection of HER2/ErbB2 cancer biomarker in serum. Sens Actuators B 220:1145–1151.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.06.094
41. Arya SK, Zhurauski P, Jolly P, Batistuti MR, Mulato M, Estrela P (2018) Capacitive aptasensor
based on interdigitated electrode for breast cancer detection in undiluted human serum. Biosens
Bioelectron 102:106–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.013
Impedimetric Aptamer-Based Biosensors: Principles and Techniques
39