When both plants were combined, the bioaugmentation efficiency improved for
pyrene (74.1%) and phenanthrene (85%) as well as for sorghum (85.2%) and
Onobrychis sativa (73.84%) correspondingly.
In the combined mode, the removal efficiency dramatically increased, leading to
pyrene and phenanthrene removal efficiencies of 74.1% and 85.02% for Onobrychis
sativa and 73.84% and 85.2% of sorghum, respectively. In conclusion, the authors
recommend sorghum and Onobrychis sativa as typical bioaugmentation tools for the
degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene from adulterated soil. In summary, they also
suggested the utilization of indigenous plants for the biodegradation of soil recalcitrant pollutants such as PAHs congeners.
The introduction of disproportionate dependency on chemicals increase the level
of industrialization with enhanced undiscriminating, discarding of specifically chlorinated solvents, triggering a variation of environmental problems. It has been
observed that chlorinated solvents such as perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene
possess the capability to pollute the groundwater that could led to several health and
environmental hazards. Numerous approaches have been applied in resolving these
challenges but only very few success have been recorded. Time edgings for remediation have a tendency to be time-consuming, generally measured in decades. In
view of the aforementioned, Anjali (2018) wrote a comprehensive review on the
application of genus Dehalococcoides as a bioaugmentation tool for the bioremediation of heavily polluted chlorinated solvents. The techniques that have been utilized
in the present, past, and future recommendations in the application of
bioaugmentation are highlighted.
Baek et al. (2007) evaluated the utilization of numerous bioremediation processes
and microbial diversity for the ecorestoration of polluted soil with crude oil. Several
treatments such as bioaugmentation (BA), natural attenuation (NA), biosurfactant
addition (BE), and biostimulation (BS) while their combined treatment containing
bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and biosurfactant addition, which were referred to
as (CT), were applied in the biodegradation of process and the determination of the
microbial level present in this communities. It was observed that CT treatment
showed the highest CT treatment while there was no observable changes in the
level of the available hydrocarbons after 120 days. It was observed that the total level
of bacterial count improved during the first 2 weeks in all the treatments and later
become unstable. The alkane monooxygenase gene fragment, alkB, and the bacterial
communities were related by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The
result obtained indicated that the DGGE evaluation of the CT and the BA treatments
which entails Nocardia sp. H17-1 showed modest dominant population structure in
comparison with the other treatments. Moreover, the Simpson dominance index
(D) and the Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H
0 ) evaluated from 16S rDNA
established a quantitative variation in the community structure after and before the
application of bioremediation treatment as well as among treatment situations.
Olu-Arotiowa et al. (2019) assessed the ecorestoration of atrazine herbicide–
polluted agricultural soil under numerous bioremediation approaches utilizing indigenous Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis as a
bioaugmentation agents while poultry droppings were applied as biostimulation
384
C. O. Adetunji and O. A. Anani
pyrene (74.1%) and phenanthrene (85%) as well as for sorghum (85.2%) and
Onobrychis sativa (73.84%) correspondingly.
In the combined mode, the removal efficiency dramatically increased, leading to
pyrene and phenanthrene removal efficiencies of 74.1% and 85.02% for Onobrychis
sativa and 73.84% and 85.2% of sorghum, respectively. In conclusion, the authors
recommend sorghum and Onobrychis sativa as typical bioaugmentation tools for the
degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene from adulterated soil. In summary, they also
suggested the utilization of indigenous plants for the biodegradation of soil recalcitrant pollutants such as PAHs congeners.
The introduction of disproportionate dependency on chemicals increase the level
of industrialization with enhanced undiscriminating, discarding of specifically chlorinated solvents, triggering a variation of environmental problems. It has been
observed that chlorinated solvents such as perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene
possess the capability to pollute the groundwater that could led to several health and
environmental hazards. Numerous approaches have been applied in resolving these
challenges but only very few success have been recorded. Time edgings for remediation have a tendency to be time-consuming, generally measured in decades. In
view of the aforementioned, Anjali (2018) wrote a comprehensive review on the
application of genus Dehalococcoides as a bioaugmentation tool for the bioremediation of heavily polluted chlorinated solvents. The techniques that have been utilized
in the present, past, and future recommendations in the application of
bioaugmentation are highlighted.
Baek et al. (2007) evaluated the utilization of numerous bioremediation processes
and microbial diversity for the ecorestoration of polluted soil with crude oil. Several
treatments such as bioaugmentation (BA), natural attenuation (NA), biosurfactant
addition (BE), and biostimulation (BS) while their combined treatment containing
bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and biosurfactant addition, which were referred to
as (CT), were applied in the biodegradation of process and the determination of the
microbial level present in this communities. It was observed that CT treatment
showed the highest CT treatment while there was no observable changes in the
level of the available hydrocarbons after 120 days. It was observed that the total level
of bacterial count improved during the first 2 weeks in all the treatments and later
become unstable. The alkane monooxygenase gene fragment, alkB, and the bacterial
communities were related by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The
result obtained indicated that the DGGE evaluation of the CT and the BA treatments
which entails Nocardia sp. H17-1 showed modest dominant population structure in
comparison with the other treatments. Moreover, the Simpson dominance index
(D) and the Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H
0 ) evaluated from 16S rDNA
established a quantitative variation in the community structure after and before the
application of bioremediation treatment as well as among treatment situations.
Olu-Arotiowa et al. (2019) assessed the ecorestoration of atrazine herbicide–
polluted agricultural soil under numerous bioremediation approaches utilizing indigenous Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis as a
bioaugmentation agents while poultry droppings were applied as biostimulation
384
C. O. Adetunji and O. A. Anani