408
The genetic diversity of Argentinean natural populations of A. angustifolia was
moderate to low ranging from He = 0.117–0.145 (Table 15.1), with a mean value of
He = 0.128 (N = 235) (Inza et al. 2018). These values are lower than expected for
long-lived perennial outcrossing species that are dispersed through gravity or by
animals such as A. angustifolia (He = 0.16–0.27, Nybom 2004). Besides, they are
even lower than those reported for Brazilian natural populations of the species by
means of dominant markers (Ht = 0.26, Medri et al. 2003; Ht = 0.30, Stefenon et al.
2007; Ht = 0.27, Ferreira de Souza et al. 2009). Other Araucaria species, such as
A. cunninghamii (Pye et al. 2009) and A. bidwillii (Pye and Gadek 2004) from
Australia and A. araucana from Argentina (Bekessy et al. 2002), also presented
Table 15.1 Araucaria angustifolia natural populations and the plantation of Manuel Belgrano
Forest Station sampled in the Argentinean Alto Paraná rainforest and genetic diversity of nine
natural populations by means of AFLP markers
Population
Code
in
map N
Latitude
S
Longitude
W
Altitude
(m asl)
Population
status
He
PPL EL
Manuel
Belgrano
plantation
MBp 77 26°02′20″ 53°46′48″ 530
PA, national
reserve
–
–
–
Piñalito Norte PiN 21 25°56′07″ 53°56′55″ 440
UA, private
property
0.124 48.8 6
Manuel
Belgrano nat.
Forest
MBf 24 26°02′34″ 53°47′06″ 540
PA, national
reserve
0.145 58.1 13
Gramado
Gr
28 26°12′12″ 53°40′07″ 700
UA, private
property
0.143 62.4 30
Campiñas
Américo
CA
28 26°16′33″ 53°41′49″ 790
UA, private
property
0.121 52.8 11
PR El Piñalito PPi
27 26°25′41″ 53°50′04″ 720
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.124 54.1 15
Santa Rosa
SR
20 26°26′14″ 53°53′04″ 640
UA, private
property
0.139 53.7 4
PR Cruce
caballero
PCC 31 26°31′01″ 53°59′37″ 610
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.119 49.7 11
PR Araucaria
PA
25 26°37′55″ 54°06′00″ 550
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.119 50.3 9
PR Caá Yarí
PCY 31 26°51′29″ 54°13′20″ 460
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.117 49.8 19
PR Provincial Reserve, N number of sampled trees, PA protected area, UA unprotected area, He
mean expected heterozygosity, PPL percentage of polymorphic loci, EL number of exclusive loci
M. E. Gauchat et al.
The genetic diversity of Argentinean natural populations of A. angustifolia was
moderate to low ranging from He = 0.117–0.145 (Table 15.1), with a mean value of
He = 0.128 (N = 235) (Inza et al. 2018). These values are lower than expected for
long-lived perennial outcrossing species that are dispersed through gravity or by
animals such as A. angustifolia (He = 0.16–0.27, Nybom 2004). Besides, they are
even lower than those reported for Brazilian natural populations of the species by
means of dominant markers (Ht = 0.26, Medri et al. 2003; Ht = 0.30, Stefenon et al.
2007; Ht = 0.27, Ferreira de Souza et al. 2009). Other Araucaria species, such as
A. cunninghamii (Pye et al. 2009) and A. bidwillii (Pye and Gadek 2004) from
Australia and A. araucana from Argentina (Bekessy et al. 2002), also presented
Table 15.1 Araucaria angustifolia natural populations and the plantation of Manuel Belgrano
Forest Station sampled in the Argentinean Alto Paraná rainforest and genetic diversity of nine
natural populations by means of AFLP markers
Population
Code
in
map N
Latitude
S
Longitude
W
Altitude
(m asl)
Population
status
He
PPL EL
Manuel
Belgrano
plantation
MBp 77 26°02′20″ 53°46′48″ 530
PA, national
reserve
–
–
–
Piñalito Norte PiN 21 25°56′07″ 53°56′55″ 440
UA, private
property
0.124 48.8 6
Manuel
Belgrano nat.
Forest
MBf 24 26°02′34″ 53°47′06″ 540
PA, national
reserve
0.145 58.1 13
Gramado
Gr
28 26°12′12″ 53°40′07″ 700
UA, private
property
0.143 62.4 30
Campiñas
Américo
CA
28 26°16′33″ 53°41′49″ 790
UA, private
property
0.121 52.8 11
PR El Piñalito PPi
27 26°25′41″ 53°50′04″ 720
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.124 54.1 15
Santa Rosa
SR
20 26°26′14″ 53°53′04″ 640
UA, private
property
0.139 53.7 4
PR Cruce
caballero
PCC 31 26°31′01″ 53°59′37″ 610
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.119 49.7 11
PR Araucaria
PA
25 26°37′55″ 54°06′00″ 550
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.119 50.3 9
PR Caá Yarí
PCY 31 26°51′29″ 54°13′20″ 460
PA,
provincial
reserve
0.117 49.8 19
PR Provincial Reserve, N number of sampled trees, PA protected area, UA unprotected area, He
mean expected heterozygosity, PPL percentage of polymorphic loci, EL number of exclusive loci
M. E. Gauchat et al.