per hectare. This is done by hanging paper sheets (Tricocards) bearing 0.01 g
parasitized eggs from tree branches in three stages. The first stage will be done
48 h after oil spraying at the peak of the moth emergence with the highest release rate
in this stage. The second stage will continue by releasing additional 5g parasitized
eggs per hectare one week later. The final stage will continue a week later by
reaching total release rate of all stages to 15 g.
Second generation The first phase of release is a week before the peak of adult
emergence with the rate of 5g (500 Tricocard) per hectare. The exact time is
determined by summing degree days accumulated for the pest. The second release
will be done at the peak of the codling moth flights, with the highest release rate.
Finally, one week later a supplementary release will be done to achieve 15g release
rate as before.
Fig. 6.3 Release area of Trichogramma spp. against codling moth, C. pomonella in apple orchards
of Iran (Attaran and Dadpour-Moghanlou 2011)
Fig. 6.4 Release area of Trichogramma spp. against carob moth, S. ceratoniae in pomegranate
orchards of Iran (Attaran and Dadpour-Moghanlou 2011)
6 Egg Parasitoids: Chalcidoidea with Particular Emphasis on Trichogrammatidae
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