80
S. Dhiman et al.
diacetylactis, Bifidobacterium spp. and yeasts (commonly Saccharomyces cerevisiae), possessing probiotic activity (Ware Fungsin et al. 1988). Dung inhabiting
methanogens particularly Archaea and the phylum Euryarchaeota including Methanomicrobium, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Methanobacterium formicicum,
Methanomicrobium mobile, Methanosarcina barkeri, etc., are not only confined to
the rumen in cattle and other ruminants but proved an excellent source of bioenergy.
Swain and Ray (2009) studied that B. subtilis isolated from cow dung enhanced
plant growth, phosphorous solubilization, sulfur oxidation and was found to yield
industrial products. Their presence has now been discovered in the soil since dung
is has been accepted as a soil fertilizer since pre-historic time (Hook et al. 2010).
Recently, cow dung has been proved an excellent source of the management of soil
nutrients (Dhiman et al. 2020). Few of them are listed in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 Diversity and distribution of microorganisms in cattle dung
Microbial strains
References
Bacillus cereus, Bacillus Subtilis
Muhammad and Amusa (2003)
Paenibacillus favisporus
Velazquez et al. (2004)
Bacillus subtilis
Swain et al. (2012)
B. pumilus, B. macereans, B. sphearicus, B. laterosporus,
Micrococcus varians, Proteus mirabilis, E. aerogens
Adegunloye et al. (2007)
Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp.
Akinde and Obire (2008)
Enterobacter spp., Rahnella spp.
Fuentes et al. (2009)
Citrobacter spp.
Pandey et al. (2009)
Pseudomonas jessenii, P. synxantha
Srivastava et al. (2010)
Thermoanaerobacterium thermostercus
Romano et al. (2010)
Ruminococcus sp., Enterococcus casseliflavus/gallinarum
Wahyudi et al. (2010)
Bacillus sp.
Teo and Teoh (2011)
Clostridium cellulosi
Carillo et al. (2012)
Bacteroides, Fermicutes, Proteobacteria
Girija et al. (2013)
Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, B.
cereus
Radha and Rao (2014)
Pseudomonas xanthomarina, P. stutzeri, and Bacillus niacin Das et al. (2017)
Pseudomonas otitidis, Stenotrophomonas
korensis, Serratia marcescens
Vyas and Kumar (2018)
Bacillus cereus
Croos et al. (2019)
Proteus mirabilis
Dhiman et al. (2019)
S. Dhiman et al.
diacetylactis, Bifidobacterium spp. and yeasts (commonly Saccharomyces cerevisiae), possessing probiotic activity (Ware Fungsin et al. 1988). Dung inhabiting
methanogens particularly Archaea and the phylum Euryarchaeota including Methanomicrobium, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Methanobacterium formicicum,
Methanomicrobium mobile, Methanosarcina barkeri, etc., are not only confined to
the rumen in cattle and other ruminants but proved an excellent source of bioenergy.
Swain and Ray (2009) studied that B. subtilis isolated from cow dung enhanced
plant growth, phosphorous solubilization, sulfur oxidation and was found to yield
industrial products. Their presence has now been discovered in the soil since dung
is has been accepted as a soil fertilizer since pre-historic time (Hook et al. 2010).
Recently, cow dung has been proved an excellent source of the management of soil
nutrients (Dhiman et al. 2020). Few of them are listed in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 Diversity and distribution of microorganisms in cattle dung
Microbial strains
References
Bacillus cereus, Bacillus Subtilis
Muhammad and Amusa (2003)
Paenibacillus favisporus
Velazquez et al. (2004)
Bacillus subtilis
Swain et al. (2012)
B. pumilus, B. macereans, B. sphearicus, B. laterosporus,
Micrococcus varians, Proteus mirabilis, E. aerogens
Adegunloye et al. (2007)
Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp.
Akinde and Obire (2008)
Enterobacter spp., Rahnella spp.
Fuentes et al. (2009)
Citrobacter spp.
Pandey et al. (2009)
Pseudomonas jessenii, P. synxantha
Srivastava et al. (2010)
Thermoanaerobacterium thermostercus
Romano et al. (2010)
Ruminococcus sp., Enterococcus casseliflavus/gallinarum
Wahyudi et al. (2010)
Bacillus sp.
Teo and Teoh (2011)
Clostridium cellulosi
Carillo et al. (2012)
Bacteroides, Fermicutes, Proteobacteria
Girija et al. (2013)
Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, B.
cereus
Radha and Rao (2014)
Pseudomonas xanthomarina, P. stutzeri, and Bacillus niacin Das et al. (2017)
Pseudomonas otitidis, Stenotrophomonas
korensis, Serratia marcescens
Vyas and Kumar (2018)
Bacillus cereus
Croos et al. (2019)
Proteus mirabilis
Dhiman et al. (2019)