434
Index
Lithium (Li)
in air, 184t, 185
in coal, 183
in fly ash, 183
in foodstuff, 184t
in humans
dietary allowance of, 187
dietary exposure to, 188
in medical treatment, 187
symptoms of, 187
in plants, 185–186
production in 2010, 183
in rocks, 183
in soils, 183–184, 184t
in waters, 184–185, 184t
Litvinenko, Alexander, 249
M
Manganese (Mn)
in air
concentration of, 193
contents of, 190t, 194
oxidation state of, 194
in animals, 198
in coal, 189
in fly ash, 189
in foodstuff, 197t
in humans
concentration of, 195
dietary allowance of, 196
exposure to, 196
intake of, 197
in tea, 196
minerals of, 189
oxidation state of, 189
in plants
deficiency of, 194
functions of, 194
interactions between other metals
and, 195
tolerance to high content of, 194
toxicity symptoms of, 195
production in 2010, 189
in rocks, 189
in soils
behavior of, 191, 192
compounds of, 192
concentration of, 191
contents of, 191t
usages of, 189
in waters
concentration of, 192
contents of, 190t, 193
Manganese oxides, 191
Maximum allowable concentration (MAC)
for Ni, 225
Melanocytes, 105
Mercury (Hg)
in air
contents of, 201t
natural sources of, 204
in animals, 211, 211t
in coal, 199
environmental pollutant
by, 200
in fly ash, 199
in foodstuff, 209, 210t
geochemical features of, 199
in humans
concentration of, 207
exposure to, 207, 208
intake of, 210
toxicological forms of, 207
vapor of, 208
methylated, 201–202, 203
minerals of, 199
oxidation state of, 199
in plants
contents of, 205, 206t
toxicity of, 206
production in 2010, 199
in rocks, 199
in soils
concentration of, 201
contamination of, 200, 202t
contents of, 200, 201t
methylated, 201–202, 203
species properties of, 201
toxicity of salts, 208
usages of, 199
in waters
contents of, 201t, 204
in fish, 203, 211t
in sediments, assessment limits
of, 204
Metallic gold (Au°), 134
Metallothioneinen (MT), 61
Methyl bromide, 51
Methylmercury, 207, 209, 211t
Ministry of Health of China, 146
Molybdenum (Mo)
in air, 214t, 215
in animals, 219–220
in coal, 213
in fly ash, 213
in foodstuff, 219t
in humans
contents of, 217
dietary allowance of, 218
intake of, 218
toxicity of, 218
minerals of, 213
oxidation state of, 213
Index
Lithium (Li)
in air, 184t, 185
in coal, 183
in fly ash, 183
in foodstuff, 184t
in humans
dietary allowance of, 187
dietary exposure to, 188
in medical treatment, 187
symptoms of, 187
in plants, 185–186
production in 2010, 183
in rocks, 183
in soils, 183–184, 184t
in waters, 184–185, 184t
Litvinenko, Alexander, 249
M
Manganese (Mn)
in air
concentration of, 193
contents of, 190t, 194
oxidation state of, 194
in animals, 198
in coal, 189
in fly ash, 189
in foodstuff, 197t
in humans
concentration of, 195
dietary allowance of, 196
exposure to, 196
intake of, 197
in tea, 196
minerals of, 189
oxidation state of, 189
in plants
deficiency of, 194
functions of, 194
interactions between other metals
and, 195
tolerance to high content of, 194
toxicity symptoms of, 195
production in 2010, 189
in rocks, 189
in soils
behavior of, 191, 192
compounds of, 192
concentration of, 191
contents of, 191t
usages of, 189
in waters
concentration of, 192
contents of, 190t, 193
Manganese oxides, 191
Maximum allowable concentration (MAC)
for Ni, 225
Melanocytes, 105
Mercury (Hg)
in air
contents of, 201t
natural sources of, 204
in animals, 211, 211t
in coal, 199
environmental pollutant
by, 200
in fly ash, 199
in foodstuff, 209, 210t
geochemical features of, 199
in humans
concentration of, 207
exposure to, 207, 208
intake of, 210
toxicological forms of, 207
vapor of, 208
methylated, 201–202, 203
minerals of, 199
oxidation state of, 199
in plants
contents of, 205, 206t
toxicity of, 206
production in 2010, 199
in rocks, 199
in soils
concentration of, 201
contamination of, 200, 202t
contents of, 200, 201t
methylated, 201–202, 203
species properties of, 201
toxicity of salts, 208
usages of, 199
in waters
contents of, 201t, 204
in fish, 203, 211t
in sediments, assessment limits
of, 204
Metallic gold (Au°), 134
Metallothioneinen (MT), 61
Methyl bromide, 51
Methylmercury, 207, 209, 211t
Ministry of Health of China, 146
Molybdenum (Mo)
in air, 214t, 215
in animals, 219–220
in coal, 213
in fly ash, 213
in foodstuff, 219t
in humans
contents of, 217
dietary allowance of, 218
intake of, 218
toxicity of, 218
minerals of, 213
oxidation state of, 213