433
Index
minerals of, 155–156
nonheme, 162
oxidation state of, 155
in plants
deficiency of, 160–161
excessive resistant of, 161
features of, 160
interaction between other metals and, 161
roles of, 160
production in 2010, 156
in rocks, 155
in soils
concentration of, 157–158
contents of, 157t
deficiency of, 158
formation of, 156
minerals in, 155
species of, 158
tendencies of, 155
in waters
concentration of, 158–159
contents of, 157t
stable forms of, 158
Iron-deficiency anemia, 163
Itai-itai disease, 61
J
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food
Additives (JECFA), 5, 20, 61, 150,
163, 178–179, 333, 363
Joliot-Curie, Irène, 249
K
Kashin–Beck diseases, 290
Keshan disease, 290
L
LA nanoparticles, 378
Lanthanides (LAs)
in air
concentration of, 374
contents of, 375
in animals
concentration of, 379
as feed additives, 379
toxicity of, 378
in geosphere, 372t
in humans
concentrations of, 377
contents of, 377
ions of, 377–378
medical purpose of, 378
minerals of, 371
in plants
bioavailability of, 377
contents of, 376
soil dressing with, 376
stimulating effects of, 377
in terrestrial, 376t
production in 2003, 371
in soils
contents of, 372t
in fertilizers, 373–374, 375t
role of organic compounds in, 373
usages of, 373
in waters, 374, 374t
Lanthanum carbonate, 378
LA series, 371
Lead (Pb)
in air, 174
in animals
concentration of, 181
tissues, 181t
toxicity of, 180
in coal, 167
in fly ash, 167
in foodstuff, 179t
in gasoline, 167
in humans
absorption of, 177
in blood, 177
dietary exposure to, 180
long/short-term exposure, 178
source of Pb exposure, 177
toxicity of, 178
minerals of, 167
oxidation state of, 167
in paints, 171
in plants
contents of, 176t
interaction between trace elements
and, 175
uptake of, 175
pollution of, 167, 171
primary, 167
production in 2010, 167
in rocks, 167
secondary, 167
in soils
contamination of, 169, 170t
contents of, 168, 168t
distribution of, 169
phytoremediation of, 172
types of, 167
in waters
behavior of, 173
concentration of, 172
drinking water, provisional guideline
value of, 173
in sediment, assessment limits for, 173
toxicity of, 173–174
Index
minerals of, 155–156
nonheme, 162
oxidation state of, 155
in plants
deficiency of, 160–161
excessive resistant of, 161
features of, 160
interaction between other metals and, 161
roles of, 160
production in 2010, 156
in rocks, 155
in soils
concentration of, 157–158
contents of, 157t
deficiency of, 158
formation of, 156
minerals in, 155
species of, 158
tendencies of, 155
in waters
concentration of, 158–159
contents of, 157t
stable forms of, 158
Iron-deficiency anemia, 163
Itai-itai disease, 61
J
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food
Additives (JECFA), 5, 20, 61, 150,
163, 178–179, 333, 363
Joliot-Curie, Irène, 249
K
Kashin–Beck diseases, 290
Keshan disease, 290
L
LA nanoparticles, 378
Lanthanides (LAs)
in air
concentration of, 374
contents of, 375
in animals
concentration of, 379
as feed additives, 379
toxicity of, 378
in geosphere, 372t
in humans
concentrations of, 377
contents of, 377
ions of, 377–378
medical purpose of, 378
minerals of, 371
in plants
bioavailability of, 377
contents of, 376
soil dressing with, 376
stimulating effects of, 377
in terrestrial, 376t
production in 2003, 371
in soils
contents of, 372t
in fertilizers, 373–374, 375t
role of organic compounds in, 373
usages of, 373
in waters, 374, 374t
Lanthanum carbonate, 378
LA series, 371
Lead (Pb)
in air, 174
in animals
concentration of, 181
tissues, 181t
toxicity of, 180
in coal, 167
in fly ash, 167
in foodstuff, 179t
in gasoline, 167
in humans
absorption of, 177
in blood, 177
dietary exposure to, 180
long/short-term exposure, 178
source of Pb exposure, 177
toxicity of, 178
minerals of, 167
oxidation state of, 167
in paints, 171
in plants
contents of, 176t
interaction between trace elements
and, 175
uptake of, 175
pollution of, 167, 171
primary, 167
production in 2010, 167
in rocks, 167
secondary, 167
in soils
contamination of, 169, 170t
contents of, 168, 168t
distribution of, 169
phytoremediation of, 172
types of, 167
in waters
behavior of, 173
concentration of, 172
drinking water, provisional guideline
value of, 173
in sediment, assessment limits for, 173
toxicity of, 173–174