Figure 6.16
139
Nematic Ordered Cellulose Templates
(a)
(b)
1 µm
1 µm
(c)
Deposition on non ordered
cellulose templates
1 µm
1 µm
Figure 6.16
SEM.images.of.the.surface.of.p-NOC.templates.after.reactions.with.calcium.cations.for.(a).0.5,.
(b).5.0,.and.(c).10.min.with.the.FFT.images.as.insets.on.the.right..The.morphology.of.calcium.
phosphate.deposition.on.the.nonordered.cellulose.template.after.the.same.reaction.for.10.min.
is.also.displayed.as.a.reference.for.the.p-NOC.template..In.(a–c),.the.line.width.of.calcium.phosphate.was.0.23.±.0.07.μm,.0.19.±.0.04.μm,.and.0.30.±.0.08.μm,.respectively..The.double.arrows.
indicate.the.stretching.direction.
. phosphate. anions. for. biomineralization,. resulting. in. induction. of. oriented.
deposition.of.calcium.phosphates.as.well.as.supplying.phosphate.anions.
The. surfaces. of. both. p-NOC. and. nonordered. p-cellulose. templates. as. a.
reference.for.the.p-NOC.after.reaction.with.the.calcium.cations.in.the.. buffer.
solution. were. analyzed. using. SEM. observation.. Figures 6.16a–6.16c. show.
the.surface.morphological.change.of.the.p-NOC.with.calcium.cations..Large.
amounts.of.calcium.phosphates.were.formed.over.the.surface.of.the.p-NOC.
template.after.the.reaction.with.calcium.cations..In.addition,.the.assembled.
pattern. of. the. deposited. minerals. was. well. arranged. along. the. molecular.
orientation. of. the. p-NOC. surface.. The. FFT. images. corresponding. to. each.
SEM.image.in.Figures 6.16a–6.16c.indicate.that.the.longer.the.reaction.time,.
the.poorer.the.orientation.of.the.deposition.of.calcium.phosphate.aggregates.
became.. The. average. distance. between. the. oriented. mineral. lines. (n. =. 50).
was.approximately.0.23.±.0.07.μm.(a),.0.19.±.0.04.μm.(b),.and.0.30.±.0.08.μm.
(c)..These.values.were.larger.than.those.between.the.apparent.tracks.due.to.
mately.0.14.±.0.03.μm.[n.=.50])..The.FFT.image.with.a.polar.distribution.confirms.better. orientation. of. the. lines. as. shown.in. Figures 6.16a–6.16c,. when.
compared.with.the.nonordered.cellulose.template.in.Figure 6.16.
139
Nematic Ordered Cellulose Templates
(a)
(b)
1 µm
1 µm
(c)
Deposition on non ordered
cellulose templates
1 µm
1 µm
Figure 6.16
SEM.images.of.the.surface.of.p-NOC.templates.after.reactions.with.calcium.cations.for.(a).0.5,.
(b).5.0,.and.(c).10.min.with.the.FFT.images.as.insets.on.the.right..The.morphology.of.calcium.
phosphate.deposition.on.the.nonordered.cellulose.template.after.the.same.reaction.for.10.min.
is.also.displayed.as.a.reference.for.the.p-NOC.template..In.(a–c),.the.line.width.of.calcium.phosphate.was.0.23.±.0.07.μm,.0.19.±.0.04.μm,.and.0.30.±.0.08.μm,.respectively..The.double.arrows.
indicate.the.stretching.direction.
. phosphate. anions. for. biomineralization,. resulting. in. induction. of. oriented.
deposition.of.calcium.phosphates.as.well.as.supplying.phosphate.anions.
The. surfaces. of. both. p-NOC. and. nonordered. p-cellulose. templates. as. a.
reference.for.the.p-NOC.after.reaction.with.the.calcium.cations.in.the.. buffer.
solution. were. analyzed. using. SEM. observation.. Figures 6.16a–6.16c. show.
the.surface.morphological.change.of.the.p-NOC.with.calcium.cations..Large.
amounts.of.calcium.phosphates.were.formed.over.the.surface.of.the.p-NOC.
template.after.the.reaction.with.calcium.cations..In.addition,.the.assembled.
pattern. of. the. deposited. minerals. was. well. arranged. along. the. molecular.
orientation. of. the. p-NOC. surface.. The. FFT. images. corresponding. to. each.
SEM.image.in.Figures 6.16a–6.16c.indicate.that.the.longer.the.reaction.time,.
the.poorer.the.orientation.of.the.deposition.of.calcium.phosphate.aggregates.
became.. The. average. distance. between. the. oriented. mineral. lines. (n. =. 50).
was.approximately.0.23.±.0.07.μm.(a),.0.19.±.0.04.μm.(b),.and.0.30.±.0.08.μm.
(c)..These.values.were.larger.than.those.between.the.apparent.tracks.due.to.
mately.0.14.±.0.03.μm.[n.=.50])..The.FFT.image.with.a.polar.distribution.confirms.better. orientation. of. the. lines. as. shown.in. Figures 6.16a–6.16c,. when.
compared.with.the.nonordered.cellulose.template.in.Figure 6.16.