74
Xenopus
Kofron, M., Birsoy, B., Houston, D., Tao, Q., Wylie, C., Heasman,
J., 2007. Wnt11/beta-catenin signaling in both oocytes and
early embryos acts through LRP6-mediated regulation of
axin. Development 134, 503–513.
Kuhl, M., Sheldahl, L.C., Malbon, C.C., Moon, R.T., 2000. Ca(2+)/
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is stimulated by Wnt
and Frizzled homologs and promotes ventral cell fates in
Xenopus. J Biol Chem 275, 12701–12711.
Kunz, M., Herrmann, M., Wedlich, D., Gradl, D., 2004.
Autoregulation of canonical Wnt signaling controls midbrain
development. Dev Biol 273, 390–401.
LaBonne, C., Bronner-Fraser, M., 1998. Neural crest induction in
Xenopus: Evidence for a two-signal model. Development
125, 2403–2414.
Laurent, M.N., Blitz, I.L., Hashimoto, C., Rothbacher, U., Cho,
K.W., 1997. The Xenopus homeobox gene twin mediates
Wnt induction of goosecoid in establishment of Spemann’s
organizer. Development 124, 4905–4916.
Lavery, D.L., Martin, J., Turnbull, Y.D., Hoppler, S., 2008. Wnt6
signaling regulates heart muscle development during organogenesis. Dev Biol 323, 177–188.
Lee, E., Salic, A., Kruger, R., Heinrich, R., Kirschner, M.W., 2003.
The roles of APC and Axin derived from experimental and
theoretical analysis of the Wnt pathway. PLoS Biol 1, E10.
Leyns, L., Bouwmeester, T., Kim, S.H., Piccolo, S., De Robertis,
E.M., 1997. Frzb-1 is a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling
expressed in the Spemann organizer. Cell 88, 747–756.
Li, X., Yost, H.J., Virshup, D.M., Seeling, J.M., 2001. Protein phosphatase 2A and its B56 regulatory subunit inhibit Wnt signaling in Xenopus. EMBO J 20, 4122–4131.
Liu, C., Kato, Y., Zhang, Z., Do, V.M., Yankner, B.A., He, X., 1999.
beta-Trcp couples beta-catenin phosphorylation-degradation
and regulates Xenopus axis formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U
S A 96, 6273–6278.
Liu, C., Li, Y., Semenov, M., Han, C., Baeg, G.H., Tan, Y., Zhang,
Z., Lin, X., He, X., 2002. Control of beta-catenin phosphorylation/degradation by a dual-kinase mechanism. Cell 108,
837–847.
Liu, F., van den Broek, O., Destree, O., Hoppler, S., 2005. Distinct
roles for Xenopus Tcf/Lef genes in mediating specif c
responses to Wnt/beta-catenin signalling in mesoderm development. Development 132, 5375–5385.
Lu, X., Borchers, A.G., Jolicoeur, C., Rayburn, H., Baker, J.C.,
Tessier-Lavigne, M., 2004. PTK7/CCK-4 is a novel regulator of planar cell polarity in vertebrates. Nature 430, 93–98.
Lyons, J.P., Mueller, U.W., Ji, H., Everett, C., Fang, X., Hsieh,
J.C., Barth, A.M., McCrea, P.D., 2004. Wnt-4 activates the
canonical beta-catenin-mediated Wnt pathway and binds
Frizzled-6 CRD: Functional implications of Wnt/betacatenin activity in kidney epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 298,
369–387.
Mao, B., Wu, W., Li, Y., Hoppe, D., Stannek, P., Glinka, A., Niehrs,
C., 2001. LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for
Dickkopf proteins. Nature 411, 321–325.
Marikawa, Y., Elinson, R.P., 1998. beta-TrCP is a negative regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and dorsal axis
formation in Xenopus embryos. Mech Dev 77, 75–80.
Marquez, J., Criscione, J., Charney, R.M., Prasad, M.S., Hwang,
W.Y., Mis, E.K., Garcia-Castro, M.I., Khokha, M.K., 2020.
Disrupted ER membrane protein complex-mediated topogenesis drives congenital neural crest defects. J Clin Invest
130, 813–826.
Marvin, M.J., Di Rocco, G., Gardiner, A., Bush, S.M., Lassar, A.B.,
2001. Inhibition of Wnt activity induces heart formation from
posterior mesoderm. Genes Dev 15, 316–327.
Maurus, D., Heligon, C., Burger-Schwarzler, A., Brandli, A.W.,
Kuhl, M., 2005. Noncanonical Wnt-4 signaling and EAF2
are required for eye development in Xenopus laevis. EMBO
J 24, 1181–1191.
Mazzotta, S., Neves, C., Bonner, R.J., Bernardo, A.S., Docherty,
K., Hoppler, S., 2016. Distinctive roles of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in human embryonic cardiomyocyte
development. Stem Cell Reports 7, 764–776.
McGrew, L.L., Hoppler, S., Moon, R.T., 1997. Wnt and FGF pathways cooperatively pattern anteroposterior neural ectoderm
in Xenopus. Mech Dev 69, 105–114.
McGrew, L.L., Takemaru, K., Bates, R., Moon, R.T., 1999. Direct
regulation of the Xenopus engrailed-2 promoter by the
Wnt signaling pathway, and a molecular screen for Wntresponsive genes, confrm a role for Wnt signaling during
neural patterning in Xenopus. Mech Dev 87, 21–32.
McKendry, R., Hsu, S.C., Harland, R.M., Grosschedl, R., 1997.
LEF-1/TCF proteins mediate wnt-inducible transcription from
the Xenopus nodal-related 3 promoter. Dev Biol 192, 420–431.
McMahon, A.P., Moon, R.T., 1989. Ectopic expression of the
proto-oncogene int-1 in Xenopus embryos leads to duplication of the embryonic axis. Cell 58, 1075–1084.
Medina, A., Reintsch, W., Steinbeisser, H., 2000. Xenopus frizzled
7 can act in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways: Implications on early patterning and morphogenesis.
Mech Dev 92, 227–237.
Medina, A., Steinbeisser, H., 2000. Interaction of Frizzled 7 and
Dishevelled in Xenopus. Dev Dyn 218, 671–680.
Mii, Y., Takada, S., 2020. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan clustering
in Wnt signaling and dispersal. Front Cell Dev Biol 8, 631.
Molenaar, M., van de Wetering, M., Oosterwegel, M., PetersonMaduro, J., Godsave, S., Korinek, V., Roose, J., Destree, O.,
Clevers, H., 1996. XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates betacatenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Cell
86, 391–399.
Mukherjee, S., Chaturvedi, P., Rankin, S.A., Fish, M.B., Wlizla,
M., Paraiso, K.D., MacDonald, M., Chen, X., Weirauch,
M.T., Blitz, I.L., Cho, K.W., Zorn, A.M., 2020. Sox17 and
beta-catenin co-occupy Wnt-responsive enhancers to govern
the endoderm gene regulatory network. Elife 9.
Nagy, II, Railo, A., Rapila, R., Hast, T., Sormunen, R., Tavi, P.,
Rasanen, J., Vainio, S.J., 2010. Wnt-11 signalling controls ventricular myocardium development by patterning
N-cadherin and beta-catenin expression. Cardiovasc Res 85,
100–109.
Nakamura, Y., de Paiva Alves, E., Veenstra, G.J., Hoppler, S., 2016.
Tissue- and stage-specifc Wnt target gene expression is controlled subsequent to beta-catenin recruitment to cis-regulatory modules. Development 143, 1914–1925.
Nakamura, Y., Hoppler, S., 2017. Genome-wide analysis of canonical Wnt target gene regulation in Xenopus tropicalis challenges beta-catenin paradigm. Genesis 55.
Nalesso, G., Sherwood, J., Bertrand, J., Pap, T., Ramachandran, M.,
De Bari, C., Pitzalis, C., Dell’accio, F., 2011. WNT-3A modulates articular chondrocyte phenotype by activating both canonical and noncanonical pathways. J Cell Biol 193, 551–564.
Nusse, R., Varmus, H.E., 1982. Many tumors induced by the mouse
mammary tumor virus contain a provirus integrated in the
same region of the host genome. Cell 31, 99–109.
Ohkawara, B., Niehrs, C., 2011. An ATF2-based luciferase reporter
to monitor non-canonical Wnt signaling in Xenopus embryos.
Dev Dyn 240, 188–194.
Ossipova, O., Kerney, R., Saint-Jeannet, J.P., Sokol, S.Y., 2018.
Regulation of neural crest development by the formin family
protein Daam1. Genesis 56, e23108.
Xenopus
Kofron, M., Birsoy, B., Houston, D., Tao, Q., Wylie, C., Heasman,
J., 2007. Wnt11/beta-catenin signaling in both oocytes and
early embryos acts through LRP6-mediated regulation of
axin. Development 134, 503–513.
Kuhl, M., Sheldahl, L.C., Malbon, C.C., Moon, R.T., 2000. Ca(2+)/
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is stimulated by Wnt
and Frizzled homologs and promotes ventral cell fates in
Xenopus. J Biol Chem 275, 12701–12711.
Kunz, M., Herrmann, M., Wedlich, D., Gradl, D., 2004.
Autoregulation of canonical Wnt signaling controls midbrain
development. Dev Biol 273, 390–401.
LaBonne, C., Bronner-Fraser, M., 1998. Neural crest induction in
Xenopus: Evidence for a two-signal model. Development
125, 2403–2414.
Laurent, M.N., Blitz, I.L., Hashimoto, C., Rothbacher, U., Cho,
K.W., 1997. The Xenopus homeobox gene twin mediates
Wnt induction of goosecoid in establishment of Spemann’s
organizer. Development 124, 4905–4916.
Lavery, D.L., Martin, J., Turnbull, Y.D., Hoppler, S., 2008. Wnt6
signaling regulates heart muscle development during organogenesis. Dev Biol 323, 177–188.
Lee, E., Salic, A., Kruger, R., Heinrich, R., Kirschner, M.W., 2003.
The roles of APC and Axin derived from experimental and
theoretical analysis of the Wnt pathway. PLoS Biol 1, E10.
Leyns, L., Bouwmeester, T., Kim, S.H., Piccolo, S., De Robertis,
E.M., 1997. Frzb-1 is a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling
expressed in the Spemann organizer. Cell 88, 747–756.
Li, X., Yost, H.J., Virshup, D.M., Seeling, J.M., 2001. Protein phosphatase 2A and its B56 regulatory subunit inhibit Wnt signaling in Xenopus. EMBO J 20, 4122–4131.
Liu, C., Kato, Y., Zhang, Z., Do, V.M., Yankner, B.A., He, X., 1999.
beta-Trcp couples beta-catenin phosphorylation-degradation
and regulates Xenopus axis formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U
S A 96, 6273–6278.
Liu, C., Li, Y., Semenov, M., Han, C., Baeg, G.H., Tan, Y., Zhang,
Z., Lin, X., He, X., 2002. Control of beta-catenin phosphorylation/degradation by a dual-kinase mechanism. Cell 108,
837–847.
Liu, F., van den Broek, O., Destree, O., Hoppler, S., 2005. Distinct
roles for Xenopus Tcf/Lef genes in mediating specif c
responses to Wnt/beta-catenin signalling in mesoderm development. Development 132, 5375–5385.
Lu, X., Borchers, A.G., Jolicoeur, C., Rayburn, H., Baker, J.C.,
Tessier-Lavigne, M., 2004. PTK7/CCK-4 is a novel regulator of planar cell polarity in vertebrates. Nature 430, 93–98.
Lyons, J.P., Mueller, U.W., Ji, H., Everett, C., Fang, X., Hsieh,
J.C., Barth, A.M., McCrea, P.D., 2004. Wnt-4 activates the
canonical beta-catenin-mediated Wnt pathway and binds
Frizzled-6 CRD: Functional implications of Wnt/betacatenin activity in kidney epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 298,
369–387.
Mao, B., Wu, W., Li, Y., Hoppe, D., Stannek, P., Glinka, A., Niehrs,
C., 2001. LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for
Dickkopf proteins. Nature 411, 321–325.
Marikawa, Y., Elinson, R.P., 1998. beta-TrCP is a negative regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and dorsal axis
formation in Xenopus embryos. Mech Dev 77, 75–80.
Marquez, J., Criscione, J., Charney, R.M., Prasad, M.S., Hwang,
W.Y., Mis, E.K., Garcia-Castro, M.I., Khokha, M.K., 2020.
Disrupted ER membrane protein complex-mediated topogenesis drives congenital neural crest defects. J Clin Invest
130, 813–826.
Marvin, M.J., Di Rocco, G., Gardiner, A., Bush, S.M., Lassar, A.B.,
2001. Inhibition of Wnt activity induces heart formation from
posterior mesoderm. Genes Dev 15, 316–327.
Maurus, D., Heligon, C., Burger-Schwarzler, A., Brandli, A.W.,
Kuhl, M., 2005. Noncanonical Wnt-4 signaling and EAF2
are required for eye development in Xenopus laevis. EMBO
J 24, 1181–1191.
Mazzotta, S., Neves, C., Bonner, R.J., Bernardo, A.S., Docherty,
K., Hoppler, S., 2016. Distinctive roles of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in human embryonic cardiomyocyte
development. Stem Cell Reports 7, 764–776.
McGrew, L.L., Hoppler, S., Moon, R.T., 1997. Wnt and FGF pathways cooperatively pattern anteroposterior neural ectoderm
in Xenopus. Mech Dev 69, 105–114.
McGrew, L.L., Takemaru, K., Bates, R., Moon, R.T., 1999. Direct
regulation of the Xenopus engrailed-2 promoter by the
Wnt signaling pathway, and a molecular screen for Wntresponsive genes, confrm a role for Wnt signaling during
neural patterning in Xenopus. Mech Dev 87, 21–32.
McKendry, R., Hsu, S.C., Harland, R.M., Grosschedl, R., 1997.
LEF-1/TCF proteins mediate wnt-inducible transcription from
the Xenopus nodal-related 3 promoter. Dev Biol 192, 420–431.
McMahon, A.P., Moon, R.T., 1989. Ectopic expression of the
proto-oncogene int-1 in Xenopus embryos leads to duplication of the embryonic axis. Cell 58, 1075–1084.
Medina, A., Reintsch, W., Steinbeisser, H., 2000. Xenopus frizzled
7 can act in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways: Implications on early patterning and morphogenesis.
Mech Dev 92, 227–237.
Medina, A., Steinbeisser, H., 2000. Interaction of Frizzled 7 and
Dishevelled in Xenopus. Dev Dyn 218, 671–680.
Mii, Y., Takada, S., 2020. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan clustering
in Wnt signaling and dispersal. Front Cell Dev Biol 8, 631.
Molenaar, M., van de Wetering, M., Oosterwegel, M., PetersonMaduro, J., Godsave, S., Korinek, V., Roose, J., Destree, O.,
Clevers, H., 1996. XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates betacatenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Cell
86, 391–399.
Mukherjee, S., Chaturvedi, P., Rankin, S.A., Fish, M.B., Wlizla,
M., Paraiso, K.D., MacDonald, M., Chen, X., Weirauch,
M.T., Blitz, I.L., Cho, K.W., Zorn, A.M., 2020. Sox17 and
beta-catenin co-occupy Wnt-responsive enhancers to govern
the endoderm gene regulatory network. Elife 9.
Nagy, II, Railo, A., Rapila, R., Hast, T., Sormunen, R., Tavi, P.,
Rasanen, J., Vainio, S.J., 2010. Wnt-11 signalling controls ventricular myocardium development by patterning
N-cadherin and beta-catenin expression. Cardiovasc Res 85,
100–109.
Nakamura, Y., de Paiva Alves, E., Veenstra, G.J., Hoppler, S., 2016.
Tissue- and stage-specifc Wnt target gene expression is controlled subsequent to beta-catenin recruitment to cis-regulatory modules. Development 143, 1914–1925.
Nakamura, Y., Hoppler, S., 2017. Genome-wide analysis of canonical Wnt target gene regulation in Xenopus tropicalis challenges beta-catenin paradigm. Genesis 55.
Nalesso, G., Sherwood, J., Bertrand, J., Pap, T., Ramachandran, M.,
De Bari, C., Pitzalis, C., Dell’accio, F., 2011. WNT-3A modulates articular chondrocyte phenotype by activating both canonical and noncanonical pathways. J Cell Biol 193, 551–564.
Nusse, R., Varmus, H.E., 1982. Many tumors induced by the mouse
mammary tumor virus contain a provirus integrated in the
same region of the host genome. Cell 31, 99–109.
Ohkawara, B., Niehrs, C., 2011. An ATF2-based luciferase reporter
to monitor non-canonical Wnt signaling in Xenopus embryos.
Dev Dyn 240, 188–194.
Ossipova, O., Kerney, R., Saint-Jeannet, J.P., Sokol, S.Y., 2018.
Regulation of neural crest development by the formin family
protein Daam1. Genesis 56, e23108.