217
Advances in Genome Editing Tools
(2018). Tissue-specifc gene inactivation in Xenopus laevis:
Knockout of lhx1 in the kidney with CRISPR/Cas9. Genetics
208, 673–686.
Deniz, E., Mis, E.K., Lane, M., and Khokha, M.K. (2018).
CRISPR/Cas9 F0 screening of congenital heart disease genes
in Xenopus tropicalis. In Xenopus, (Humana Press), Methods
Mol Biol 1865, 163–174.
Droin, A. (1992). The developmental mutants of Xenopus. Int J Dev
Bio 36, 455–464.
Edholm, E.S., and Robert, J. (2018). RNAi-mediated loss of function of Xenopus immune genes by transgenesis. Cold Spring
Harb Protocols pdb.prot101519.
Elsdale, T.R., Fischberg, M., and Smith, S. (1958). A mutation that
reduces nucleolar number in Xenopus laevis. Exp Cell Res
14, 642–643.
Etkin, L.D., and Pearman, B. (1987). Distribution, expression and
germ line transmission of exogenous DNA sequences following microinjection into Xenopus laevis eggs. Development
99, 15–23.
Etkin, L., and Roberts, M. (1983). Transmission of integrated sea
urchin histone genes by nuclear transplantation in Xenopus
laevis. Science 221, 67–69.
Farley-Barnes, K.I., Deniz, E., Overton, M.M., Khokha, M.K., and
Baserga, S.J. (2020). Paired box 9 (PAX9), the RNA polymerase II transcription factor, regulates human ribosome
biogenesis and craniofacial development. PLoS Genet 16,
e1008967.
Feehan, J.M., Chiu, C.N., Stanar, P., Tam, B.M., Ahmed, S.N., and
Moritz, O.L. (2017). Modeling dominant and recessive forms
of retinitis pigmentosa by editing three rhodopsin-encoding
genes in Xenopus laevis using CRISPR/Cas9. Sci Rep-Uk 7,
6920.
Fish, M.B., Nakayama, T., Fisher, M., Hirsch, N., Cox, A., Reeder,
R., Carruthers, S., Hall, A., Stemple, D.L., and Grainger,
R.M. (2014). Xenopus mutant reveals necessity of rax for
specifying the eye feld which otherwise forms tissue with
telencephalic and diencephalic character. Developmental
Biology 395, 317–330.
Fish, M.B., Nakayama, T., and Grainger, R.M. (2011). Simple,
fast, tissue-specifc bacterial artifcial chromosome transgenesis in Xenopus. Genesis (New York, NY: 2000) 50,
307–315.
Fukuzawa, T. (2021). Periodic albinism of a widely used albino
mutant of Xenopus laevis caused by deletion of two exons in
the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 4 gene. Genes Cells
26, 31–39.
Gargioli, C., and Slack, J.M.W. (2004). Cell lineage tracing during Xenopus tail regeneration. Development (Cambridge,
England) 131, 2669–2679.
Geach, T.J., Stemple, D.L., and Zimmerman, L.B. (2012). Genetic
analysis of Xenopus tropicalis. Methods in Molecular
Biology (Clifton, NJ) 917, 69–110.
Geach, T.J., and Zimmerman, L.B. (2010). Paralysis and delayed
Z-disc formation in the Xenopus tropicalis unc45b mutant
dicky ticker. BMC Developmental Biology 10, 75.
Gentsch, G.E., Spruce, T., Monteiro, R.S., Owens, N.D.L., Martin,
S.R., and Smith, J.C. (2018). Innate immune response and
off-target mis-splicing are common morpholino-induced side
effects in Xenopus. Dev Cell 44, 597–610, e10.
Glasauer, S.M.K., and Neuhauss, S.C.F. (2014). Whole-genome
duplication in teleost fshes and its evolutionary consequences. Mol Genet Genomics 289, 1045–1060.
Goda, T., Abu-Daya, A., Carruthers, S., Clark, M.D., Stemple, D.L.,
and Zimmerman, L.B. (2006). Genetic screens for mutations
affecting development of Xenopus tropicalis. PLoS Genetics
2, e91.
Grant, I.M., Balcha, D., Hao, T., Shen, Y., Trivedi, P., Patrushev,
I., Fortriede, J.D., Karpinka, J.B., Liu, L., Zorn, A.M., et al.
(2015). The Xenopus ORFeome: A resource that enables
functional genomics. Dev Biol 408, 345–357.
Gross, J.B., Hanken, J., Oglesby, E., and Marsh-Armstrong, N.
(2006). Use of a ROSA26: GFP transgenic line for long-term
Xenopus fate-mapping studies. Journal of Anatomy 209,
401–413.
Groth, A.C., Fish, M., Nusse, R., and Calos, M.P. (2004).
Construction of transgenic Drosophila by using the site-specifc integrase from phage φC31. Genetics 166, 1775–1782.
Guo, X., Zhang, T., Hu, Z., Zhang, Y., Shi, Z., Wang, Q., Cui, Y.,
Wang, F., Zhao, H., and Chen, Y. (2014). Eff cient RNA/Cas9mediated genome editing in Xenopus tropicalis. Development
(Cambridge, England) 141, 707–714.
Hamlet, M.R.J., Yergeau, D.A., Kuliyev, E., Takeda, M., Taira,
M., Kawakami, K., and Mead, P.E. (2006). Tol2 transposonmediated transgenesis in Xenopus tropicalis. Genesis 44,
438–445.
Harata, A., Hirakawa, M., Sakuma, T., Yamamoto, T., and Hashimoto, C. (2019). Nucleotide receptor P2RY4 is required
for head formation via induction and maintenance of
head organizer in Xenopus laevis. Dev Growth Differ 61,
186–197.
Hoperskaya, O. (1975). The development of animals homozygous
for a mutation causing periodic albinism (ap) in Xenopus laevis. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
34, 253–264.
Horb, M.E., Shen, C.N., Tosh, D., and Slack, J.M.W. (2003).
Experimental conversion of liver to pancreas. Current
Biology: CB 13, 105–115.
Horb, M.E., Wlizla, M., Abu-Daya, A., McNamara, S., Gajdasik,
D., Igawa, T., Suzuki, A., Ogino, H., Noble, A., France, C. de
R.B.X. team in, et al. (2019). Xenopus resources: Transgenic,
inbred and mutant animals, training opportunities, and webbased support. Frontiers in Physiology 10, 387.
Ishibashi, S., Cliffe, R., and Amaya, E. (2012). Highly eff cient biallelic mutation rates using TALENs in Xenopus tropicalis.
Biology Open 1, 1273–1276.
Jaffe, K.M., Grimes, D.T., Schottenfeld-Roames, J., Werner, M.E.,
Ku, T.-S.J., Kim, S.K., Pelliccia, J.L., Morante, N.F.C.,
Mitchell, B.J., and Burdine, R.D. (2016). c21orf59/kurly
controls both cilia motility and polarization. Cell Reports 14,
1841–1849.
Jarikji, Z., Horb, L.D., Shariff, F., Mandato, C.A., Cho, K.W.Y.,
and Horb, M.E. (2009). The tetraspanin Tm4sf3 is localized
to the ventral pancreas and regulates fusion of the dorsal and
ventral pancreatic buds. Development (Cambridge, England)
136, 1791–1800.
Jarikji, Z.H., Vanamala, S., Beck, C.W., Wright, C.V.E., Leach,
S.D., and Horb, M.E. (2007). Differential ability of Ptf1a and
Ptf1a-VP16 to convert stomach, duodenum and liver to pancreas. Developmental Biology 304, 786–799.
Kakebeen, A.D., Chitsazan, A.D., Williams, M.C., Saunders, L.M.,
and Wills, A.E. (2020). Chromatin accessibility dynamics
and single cell RNA-Seq reveal new regulators of regeneration in neural progenitors. Elife 9, e52648.
Kariminejad, A., Szenker-Ravi, E., Lekszas, C., Tajsharghi, H.,
Moslemi, A.-R., Naert, T., Tran, H.T., Ahangari, F., Rajaei,
M., Nasseri, M., et al. (2019). Homozygous null TBX4 mutations lead to posterior amelia with pelvic and pulmonary
hypoplasia. Am J Hum Genetics 105, 1294–1301.
Kerney, R.R., Brittain, A.L., Hall, B.K., and Buchholz, D.R. (2012).
Cartilage on the move: Cartilage lineage tracing during tadpole metamorphosis. Development, Growth & Differentia tion
54, 739–752.
Advances in Genome Editing Tools
(2018). Tissue-specifc gene inactivation in Xenopus laevis:
Knockout of lhx1 in the kidney with CRISPR/Cas9. Genetics
208, 673–686.
Deniz, E., Mis, E.K., Lane, M., and Khokha, M.K. (2018).
CRISPR/Cas9 F0 screening of congenital heart disease genes
in Xenopus tropicalis. In Xenopus, (Humana Press), Methods
Mol Biol 1865, 163–174.
Droin, A. (1992). The developmental mutants of Xenopus. Int J Dev
Bio 36, 455–464.
Edholm, E.S., and Robert, J. (2018). RNAi-mediated loss of function of Xenopus immune genes by transgenesis. Cold Spring
Harb Protocols pdb.prot101519.
Elsdale, T.R., Fischberg, M., and Smith, S. (1958). A mutation that
reduces nucleolar number in Xenopus laevis. Exp Cell Res
14, 642–643.
Etkin, L.D., and Pearman, B. (1987). Distribution, expression and
germ line transmission of exogenous DNA sequences following microinjection into Xenopus laevis eggs. Development
99, 15–23.
Etkin, L., and Roberts, M. (1983). Transmission of integrated sea
urchin histone genes by nuclear transplantation in Xenopus
laevis. Science 221, 67–69.
Farley-Barnes, K.I., Deniz, E., Overton, M.M., Khokha, M.K., and
Baserga, S.J. (2020). Paired box 9 (PAX9), the RNA polymerase II transcription factor, regulates human ribosome
biogenesis and craniofacial development. PLoS Genet 16,
e1008967.
Feehan, J.M., Chiu, C.N., Stanar, P., Tam, B.M., Ahmed, S.N., and
Moritz, O.L. (2017). Modeling dominant and recessive forms
of retinitis pigmentosa by editing three rhodopsin-encoding
genes in Xenopus laevis using CRISPR/Cas9. Sci Rep-Uk 7,
6920.
Fish, M.B., Nakayama, T., Fisher, M., Hirsch, N., Cox, A., Reeder,
R., Carruthers, S., Hall, A., Stemple, D.L., and Grainger,
R.M. (2014). Xenopus mutant reveals necessity of rax for
specifying the eye feld which otherwise forms tissue with
telencephalic and diencephalic character. Developmental
Biology 395, 317–330.
Fish, M.B., Nakayama, T., and Grainger, R.M. (2011). Simple,
fast, tissue-specifc bacterial artifcial chromosome transgenesis in Xenopus. Genesis (New York, NY: 2000) 50,
307–315.
Fukuzawa, T. (2021). Periodic albinism of a widely used albino
mutant of Xenopus laevis caused by deletion of two exons in
the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 4 gene. Genes Cells
26, 31–39.
Gargioli, C., and Slack, J.M.W. (2004). Cell lineage tracing during Xenopus tail regeneration. Development (Cambridge,
England) 131, 2669–2679.
Geach, T.J., Stemple, D.L., and Zimmerman, L.B. (2012). Genetic
analysis of Xenopus tropicalis. Methods in Molecular
Biology (Clifton, NJ) 917, 69–110.
Geach, T.J., and Zimmerman, L.B. (2010). Paralysis and delayed
Z-disc formation in the Xenopus tropicalis unc45b mutant
dicky ticker. BMC Developmental Biology 10, 75.
Gentsch, G.E., Spruce, T., Monteiro, R.S., Owens, N.D.L., Martin,
S.R., and Smith, J.C. (2018). Innate immune response and
off-target mis-splicing are common morpholino-induced side
effects in Xenopus. Dev Cell 44, 597–610, e10.
Glasauer, S.M.K., and Neuhauss, S.C.F. (2014). Whole-genome
duplication in teleost fshes and its evolutionary consequences. Mol Genet Genomics 289, 1045–1060.
Goda, T., Abu-Daya, A., Carruthers, S., Clark, M.D., Stemple, D.L.,
and Zimmerman, L.B. (2006). Genetic screens for mutations
affecting development of Xenopus tropicalis. PLoS Genetics
2, e91.
Grant, I.M., Balcha, D., Hao, T., Shen, Y., Trivedi, P., Patrushev,
I., Fortriede, J.D., Karpinka, J.B., Liu, L., Zorn, A.M., et al.
(2015). The Xenopus ORFeome: A resource that enables
functional genomics. Dev Biol 408, 345–357.
Gross, J.B., Hanken, J., Oglesby, E., and Marsh-Armstrong, N.
(2006). Use of a ROSA26: GFP transgenic line for long-term
Xenopus fate-mapping studies. Journal of Anatomy 209,
401–413.
Groth, A.C., Fish, M., Nusse, R., and Calos, M.P. (2004).
Construction of transgenic Drosophila by using the site-specifc integrase from phage φC31. Genetics 166, 1775–1782.
Guo, X., Zhang, T., Hu, Z., Zhang, Y., Shi, Z., Wang, Q., Cui, Y.,
Wang, F., Zhao, H., and Chen, Y. (2014). Eff cient RNA/Cas9mediated genome editing in Xenopus tropicalis. Development
(Cambridge, England) 141, 707–714.
Hamlet, M.R.J., Yergeau, D.A., Kuliyev, E., Takeda, M., Taira,
M., Kawakami, K., and Mead, P.E. (2006). Tol2 transposonmediated transgenesis in Xenopus tropicalis. Genesis 44,
438–445.
Harata, A., Hirakawa, M., Sakuma, T., Yamamoto, T., and Hashimoto, C. (2019). Nucleotide receptor P2RY4 is required
for head formation via induction and maintenance of
head organizer in Xenopus laevis. Dev Growth Differ 61,
186–197.
Hoperskaya, O. (1975). The development of animals homozygous
for a mutation causing periodic albinism (ap) in Xenopus laevis. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
34, 253–264.
Horb, M.E., Shen, C.N., Tosh, D., and Slack, J.M.W. (2003).
Experimental conversion of liver to pancreas. Current
Biology: CB 13, 105–115.
Horb, M.E., Wlizla, M., Abu-Daya, A., McNamara, S., Gajdasik,
D., Igawa, T., Suzuki, A., Ogino, H., Noble, A., France, C. de
R.B.X. team in, et al. (2019). Xenopus resources: Transgenic,
inbred and mutant animals, training opportunities, and webbased support. Frontiers in Physiology 10, 387.
Ishibashi, S., Cliffe, R., and Amaya, E. (2012). Highly eff cient biallelic mutation rates using TALENs in Xenopus tropicalis.
Biology Open 1, 1273–1276.
Jaffe, K.M., Grimes, D.T., Schottenfeld-Roames, J., Werner, M.E.,
Ku, T.-S.J., Kim, S.K., Pelliccia, J.L., Morante, N.F.C.,
Mitchell, B.J., and Burdine, R.D. (2016). c21orf59/kurly
controls both cilia motility and polarization. Cell Reports 14,
1841–1849.
Jarikji, Z., Horb, L.D., Shariff, F., Mandato, C.A., Cho, K.W.Y.,
and Horb, M.E. (2009). The tetraspanin Tm4sf3 is localized
to the ventral pancreas and regulates fusion of the dorsal and
ventral pancreatic buds. Development (Cambridge, England)
136, 1791–1800.
Jarikji, Z.H., Vanamala, S., Beck, C.W., Wright, C.V.E., Leach,
S.D., and Horb, M.E. (2007). Differential ability of Ptf1a and
Ptf1a-VP16 to convert stomach, duodenum and liver to pancreas. Developmental Biology 304, 786–799.
Kakebeen, A.D., Chitsazan, A.D., Williams, M.C., Saunders, L.M.,
and Wills, A.E. (2020). Chromatin accessibility dynamics
and single cell RNA-Seq reveal new regulators of regeneration in neural progenitors. Elife 9, e52648.
Kariminejad, A., Szenker-Ravi, E., Lekszas, C., Tajsharghi, H.,
Moslemi, A.-R., Naert, T., Tran, H.T., Ahangari, F., Rajaei,
M., Nasseri, M., et al. (2019). Homozygous null TBX4 mutations lead to posterior amelia with pelvic and pulmonary
hypoplasia. Am J Hum Genetics 105, 1294–1301.
Kerney, R.R., Brittain, A.L., Hall, B.K., and Buchholz, D.R. (2012).
Cartilage on the move: Cartilage lineage tracing during tadpole metamorphosis. Development, Growth & Differentia tion
54, 739–752.