113
hes1
jag2
dll4
dlc
Anterior part of prospective somites SO, S-I, S-II (somitomeres), and S-III (TZ), with
Gain-of-function:
spatial ref nement: stripes progressively thinner from caudal to rostral PSM.
dlc overexpression : segmentation defects (Jen et al., 1997; Peres et al., 2006); expanded hes7.2
Expression in somitomeres f rst appears at late gastrula (NF12). Broad domain in
and hes7.3/esr5 expression into the gaps between stripes in the somitomeric region (ISH
TBD. Oscillatory behavior in TZ and TBD. Left-right asynchrony in somitomeres,
NF20–22, late neurula/early tailbud stages) (Jen et al., 1999; Peres et al., 2006); did not
with the right side relatively more advanced (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow et al., 1998;
affect hoxc6 and hoxd1 in the paraxial mesoderm (ISH, tailbud stage) (Peres et al., 2006)
Jen et al., 1999; Moreno and Kintner, 2004; Peres et al., 2006; Sparrow, 2008;
Durston et al., 2018).
Loss-of-function:
DN-dlc: segmentation defects (Jen et al., 1997); expanded the dlc domains into the gaps
between somitomeric stripes, without affecting dlc in the TBD (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow
et al., 1998); ↓hes4 in somitomeres (Jen et al., 1997); disrupted and ↓rnd1 and rnd3
expression domains (Goda et al., 2009).
dlc MO: segmentation defects (Peres et al., 2006); ↓hes7.2 in somitomeres (Jen et al., 1999; Peres
et al., 2006) and hoxb4 and hoxc6 in the paraxial mesoderm during somitogenesis (ISH
tailbud stage, NF21) (Peres et al., 2006).
dlc regulation:
RBPJ-Ank : ↓dlc along the PSM (Sparrow et al., 1998).
RBPJ DBM: expanded the dlc domains into the gaps between somitomeric stripes, without
affecting dlc in the TBD (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow et al., 1998).
Knock-down of the whole hox paralogous group 1: disrupted somitogenesis and ↓dlc in the
PSM (Peres et al., 2006).
mespa overexpression : segmental pattern of dlc lost, ↓dlc in somitomeres; expression in TBD
unaffected (Sparrow et al., 1998).
ripply2.1 overexpression : slight posterior shift of dlc in the PSM ( Chan et al., 2006 ).
ripply2.1 MO: anterior shift of dlc in the PSM (Chan et al., 2006).
ripply2.2 overexpression: ↓dlc in the PSM through recruitment of the TLE4 co-repressor
(Kondow et al., 2006).
ripply2.2 MO: ↑dlc expression in S0 and S-I and anteriorly shifted these domains (Kondow et
al., 2007).
myod1 MO: ↓dlc in PSM stripes at early neurula (NF13); anteriorly shifted dlc stripes around
the onset of somitogenesis (NF19) (Maguire et al., 2012).
CHX treatment : continuous dlc expression in the PSM (Jen et al., 1999; Kim et al., 2000).
RA or SU5402 (inhibitor of FGF signaling) treatments: caudal shift of the dlc TBD domain
(Moreno and Kintner, 2004).
Intersomitic vessels (sprouting from the dorsal aorta) (NF39). Image from Kirmizitas
et al. (2017 ), description from Xenbase ( Bowes
et al., 2010 ).
One-half of mature somites. Xenbase, community submitted images ( Bowes et al.,
2010 ).
Similar to hes4 pattern, but with much lower expression ( Davis et al., 2001 ).
hes1 regulation:
GR-NICD1, GR-RBPJ-VP16 (Dex NF11–13, Dex NF15–19, ISH NF24–30): ↑hey1 in somites,
global disorganization of somite borders ( Rones et al., 2002 ).
GR-RBPJ DBM (Dex NF11–13, Dex NF15–19, ISH NF24–30): ↓hey1 in somites ( Rones et al., 2002 ).
(Continued)
Notch Signaling in Early Embryogenesis
hes1
jag2
dll4
dlc
Anterior part of prospective somites SO, S-I, S-II (somitomeres), and S-III (TZ), with
Gain-of-function:
spatial ref nement: stripes progressively thinner from caudal to rostral PSM.
dlc overexpression : segmentation defects (Jen et al., 1997; Peres et al., 2006); expanded hes7.2
Expression in somitomeres f rst appears at late gastrula (NF12). Broad domain in
and hes7.3/esr5 expression into the gaps between stripes in the somitomeric region (ISH
TBD. Oscillatory behavior in TZ and TBD. Left-right asynchrony in somitomeres,
NF20–22, late neurula/early tailbud stages) (Jen et al., 1999; Peres et al., 2006); did not
with the right side relatively more advanced (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow et al., 1998;
affect hoxc6 and hoxd1 in the paraxial mesoderm (ISH, tailbud stage) (Peres et al., 2006)
Jen et al., 1999; Moreno and Kintner, 2004; Peres et al., 2006; Sparrow, 2008;
Durston et al., 2018).
Loss-of-function:
DN-dlc: segmentation defects (Jen et al., 1997); expanded the dlc domains into the gaps
between somitomeric stripes, without affecting dlc in the TBD (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow
et al., 1998); ↓hes4 in somitomeres (Jen et al., 1997); disrupted and ↓rnd1 and rnd3
expression domains (Goda et al., 2009).
dlc MO: segmentation defects (Peres et al., 2006); ↓hes7.2 in somitomeres (Jen et al., 1999; Peres
et al., 2006) and hoxb4 and hoxc6 in the paraxial mesoderm during somitogenesis (ISH
tailbud stage, NF21) (Peres et al., 2006).
dlc regulation:
RBPJ-Ank : ↓dlc along the PSM (Sparrow et al., 1998).
RBPJ DBM: expanded the dlc domains into the gaps between somitomeric stripes, without
affecting dlc in the TBD (Jen et al., 1997; Sparrow et al., 1998).
Knock-down of the whole hox paralogous group 1: disrupted somitogenesis and ↓dlc in the
PSM (Peres et al., 2006).
mespa overexpression : segmental pattern of dlc lost, ↓dlc in somitomeres; expression in TBD
unaffected (Sparrow et al., 1998).
ripply2.1 overexpression : slight posterior shift of dlc in the PSM ( Chan et al., 2006 ).
ripply2.1 MO: anterior shift of dlc in the PSM (Chan et al., 2006).
ripply2.2 overexpression: ↓dlc in the PSM through recruitment of the TLE4 co-repressor
(Kondow et al., 2006).
ripply2.2 MO: ↑dlc expression in S0 and S-I and anteriorly shifted these domains (Kondow et
al., 2007).
myod1 MO: ↓dlc in PSM stripes at early neurula (NF13); anteriorly shifted dlc stripes around
the onset of somitogenesis (NF19) (Maguire et al., 2012).
CHX treatment : continuous dlc expression in the PSM (Jen et al., 1999; Kim et al., 2000).
RA or SU5402 (inhibitor of FGF signaling) treatments: caudal shift of the dlc TBD domain
(Moreno and Kintner, 2004).
Intersomitic vessels (sprouting from the dorsal aorta) (NF39). Image from Kirmizitas
et al. (2017 ), description from Xenbase ( Bowes
et al., 2010 ).
One-half of mature somites. Xenbase, community submitted images ( Bowes et al.,
2010 ).
Similar to hes4 pattern, but with much lower expression ( Davis et al., 2001 ).
hes1 regulation:
GR-NICD1, GR-RBPJ-VP16 (Dex NF11–13, Dex NF15–19, ISH NF24–30): ↑hey1 in somites,
global disorganization of somite borders ( Rones et al., 2002 ).
GR-RBPJ DBM (Dex NF11–13, Dex NF15–19, ISH NF24–30): ↓hey1 in somites ( Rones et al., 2002 ).
(Continued)
Notch Signaling in Early Embryogenesis