62
C.T. Koulibaly, J.O. Ayoade
Shoreline Change Analysis
Over time, shoreline change rate studies are carried out by means of the com‑
parison of georeferenced plots with several dates. In this case, obtained shorelines
from different dates were grouped in one feature class of ArcGIS 10.1 software and
then projected at the appropriate ZONE 28 N for the final Analysis using the Digital
Shoreline Analysis System that is indeed able to provide an accurate calculation of
the coastline change rates. DSAS is an extension of ArcGIS software performing sta‑
tistical measurements related to the distance of the position of the shoreline between
different dates. Nowadays, it is widely trusted and used in coastline monitoring
studies. Mishra et al. [30] found that from 1994 to 2020, a total of 99 documents
in the Web of Sciences database (WoS) used DSAS as method of coastline change
monitoring. Yet in 2008, Dewidar and Frihy [31] applied it to calculate shoreline
changes of pre and post beach response to protection infrastructures erected in the
Nile Delta. DSAS was also involved in the study of coastline evolution in Guyana
from 1950 to 2013 showing a great variability of the coastline in time and space
with amplitudes of variation among the largest in the world varying between 100
and 200 m/year [32]. It has also been used in mapping coastline’s dynamics in Ivo‑
ry Coast from 1998 to 2004 and provided as results an average erosion rate rang‑
ing from 0.84 to 2.09 m/year [33]. In Turkey, the processes of erosion and accretion
from 1939 to 2009 along Iztuzu coastal area were investigated through DSAS and
determined coastline changes from −0.3 to +0.3 m/year over 77 years [34]. Recently
Fig. 4. Binary classification used for shoreline extraction in Rufisque
C.T. Koulibaly, J.O. Ayoade
Shoreline Change Analysis
Over time, shoreline change rate studies are carried out by means of the com‑
parison of georeferenced plots with several dates. In this case, obtained shorelines
from different dates were grouped in one feature class of ArcGIS 10.1 software and
then projected at the appropriate ZONE 28 N for the final Analysis using the Digital
Shoreline Analysis System that is indeed able to provide an accurate calculation of
the coastline change rates. DSAS is an extension of ArcGIS software performing sta‑
tistical measurements related to the distance of the position of the shoreline between
different dates. Nowadays, it is widely trusted and used in coastline monitoring
studies. Mishra et al. [30] found that from 1994 to 2020, a total of 99 documents
in the Web of Sciences database (WoS) used DSAS as method of coastline change
monitoring. Yet in 2008, Dewidar and Frihy [31] applied it to calculate shoreline
changes of pre and post beach response to protection infrastructures erected in the
Nile Delta. DSAS was also involved in the study of coastline evolution in Guyana
from 1950 to 2013 showing a great variability of the coastline in time and space
with amplitudes of variation among the largest in the world varying between 100
and 200 m/year [32]. It has also been used in mapping coastline’s dynamics in Ivo‑
ry Coast from 1998 to 2004 and provided as results an average erosion rate rang‑
ing from 0.84 to 2.09 m/year [33]. In Turkey, the processes of erosion and accretion
from 1939 to 2009 along Iztuzu coastal area were investigated through DSAS and
determined coastline changes from −0.3 to +0.3 m/year over 77 years [34]. Recently
Fig. 4. Binary classification used for shoreline extraction in Rufisque