561
Index
Molecules
energy states, 427–431
spin-paired, 428–430
Molybdenum (Mo)
distribution profile, 102
–silicon complexes, 360–361
Monosaccharides, 417
Monsoon period, 31
Montmorillonite, 121
Montreal Accord, 44, 218
Mount Pinatubo, 189
Mt. Everest, 2
N
NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate), 369
Nanoplankton, 367
NASA P-3 Orion optical laboratory, 388
National Bureau of Standards (NBS)
isotopic reference water, 86
pH scale, 266
Negative estuary, 36
Neon (Ne), 241
Nernst equation, 265
New production, 370, 372–374
Nickel (Ni)
Black Sea, 463
distribution profile, 102, 104
and hydrogen sulfide oxidation rates, 497
Nitrate, 342
amino acids from, 346–347
in anoxic waters, 456, 462
cycling, 347
depletion, 456
determination methods, 343–345
flux in photic zone, 373
and new production, 372–374
oxic waters, 461–462
and phytoplankton growth, 375–376
reduction, 344, 348, 462
in surface waters, 348–349, 383
as water mass tracer, 362–365
Nitrate radicals, 219–220
Nitric acid, 193
Nitric oxide
atmospheric, 192–198
and ozone, 211
reaction with hydroperoxyl radical, 192–193
sources, 193
Nitrification, 348
Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), 97
Nitrite, 342, 343–345, 456
Nitrogen (N)
in anoxic waters, 455–459, 462
atmospheric, 192–198
C:N:P ratio
Framvaren Fjord, 495
organic matter, 457–459
phytoplankton, 356–359, 364, 374, 455–456
C:N ratio
Framvaren Fjord, 495
organic matter, terrestrial origin, 494–495
cycle, 113, 345–352
dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), 352–354,
409, 413
distribution of, 237–238
N:P ratio, 354–359, 494
organic matter, 494–495
phytoplankton, 354, 357–359
surface water, 353, 355–356
and new production, 372–374
P:N:C:O ratio, 357–359
P:N:C ratio, 357–359
and phytoplankton growth, 349, 375–376
in proteins, 419
saturation anomalies, 239–240
supersaturation, 230
Nitrogen-14 ( 14 N), 38–40
Nitrogen compounds
biogeochemical processes, 347
determination of, 343–345
distribution, 345–352
inorganic, 342, 343
organic, 342, 347
oxidation states, 342
in seawater, 342–359
Nitrogen fixation
cyanobacteria, 347–348
pH and, 316–317
phytoplankton, 345–346
Nitrogen radicals, 185
Nitrous oxide
and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), 350,
352
atmospheric, 193–196, 212–213
depth profile, 252
in seawater, 342
Noble gases, 227, 237–242
Nonpelagic sediment, 4
Non-sea-salt-sulfate (NSS), 220
Normalized total alkalinity (NTA), 289–291
Normalized total dissolved carbon dioxide
(NTCO 2 ), 291
Index
Molecules
energy states, 427–431
spin-paired, 428–430
Molybdenum (Mo)
distribution profile, 102
–silicon complexes, 360–361
Monosaccharides, 417
Monsoon period, 31
Montmorillonite, 121
Montreal Accord, 44, 218
Mount Pinatubo, 189
Mt. Everest, 2
N
NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate), 369
Nanoplankton, 367
NASA P-3 Orion optical laboratory, 388
National Bureau of Standards (NBS)
isotopic reference water, 86
pH scale, 266
Negative estuary, 36
Neon (Ne), 241
Nernst equation, 265
New production, 370, 372–374
Nickel (Ni)
Black Sea, 463
distribution profile, 102, 104
and hydrogen sulfide oxidation rates, 497
Nitrate, 342
amino acids from, 346–347
in anoxic waters, 456, 462
cycling, 347
depletion, 456
determination methods, 343–345
flux in photic zone, 373
and new production, 372–374
oxic waters, 461–462
and phytoplankton growth, 375–376
reduction, 344, 348, 462
in surface waters, 348–349, 383
as water mass tracer, 362–365
Nitrate radicals, 219–220
Nitric acid, 193
Nitric oxide
atmospheric, 192–198
and ozone, 211
reaction with hydroperoxyl radical, 192–193
sources, 193
Nitrification, 348
Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), 97
Nitrite, 342, 343–345, 456
Nitrogen (N)
in anoxic waters, 455–459, 462
atmospheric, 192–198
C:N:P ratio
Framvaren Fjord, 495
organic matter, 457–459
phytoplankton, 356–359, 364, 374, 455–456
C:N ratio
Framvaren Fjord, 495
organic matter, terrestrial origin, 494–495
cycle, 113, 345–352
dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), 352–354,
409, 413
distribution of, 237–238
N:P ratio, 354–359, 494
organic matter, 494–495
phytoplankton, 354, 357–359
surface water, 353, 355–356
and new production, 372–374
P:N:C:O ratio, 357–359
P:N:C ratio, 357–359
and phytoplankton growth, 349, 375–376
in proteins, 419
saturation anomalies, 239–240
supersaturation, 230
Nitrogen-14 ( 14 N), 38–40
Nitrogen compounds
biogeochemical processes, 347
determination of, 343–345
distribution, 345–352
inorganic, 342, 343
organic, 342, 347
oxidation states, 342
in seawater, 342–359
Nitrogen fixation
cyanobacteria, 347–348
pH and, 316–317
phytoplankton, 345–346
Nitrogen radicals, 185
Nitrous oxide
and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), 350,
352
atmospheric, 193–196, 212–213
depth profile, 252
in seawater, 342
Noble gases, 227, 237–242
Nonpelagic sediment, 4
Non-sea-salt-sulfate (NSS), 220
Normalized total alkalinity (NTA), 289–291
Normalized total dissolved carbon dioxide
(NTCO 2 ), 291