469
Processes in the Oceans
Carbonate Alkalinity (µmol kg
–1 )
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
σ
T
12
13
14
15
16
17
σ
T
12
13
14
15
16
17
σ
T
12
13
14
15
16
17
TCO 2 (mol kg
–1 )
2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200
σ
T
12
13
14
15
16
17
Saturation State of Calcite
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Saturation State of Aragonite
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 10.54
Profiles of the carbonate alkalinity, total CO 2 , and the saturation state of calcite and aragonite across the O 2 –H 2 S
interface in the Black Sea.
20°
64°W
10°N
20°
40°
11°
66°
40°
40°
65°
V E N E Z U E L A
20°
100
600
600
400
200
400
100
400
400
Gulf of Cariaco
Margarita
800
800
1400
400
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
1000
1000
1200
1200
200
20°
Figure 10.55
Sketch of the Cariaco Trench in the Caribbean Sea.