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lateral turbulence on the characteristics of the
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in the global high-resolution GCM – the
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’98, 29 Sept.–2 Oct., 1998, Kyoto, Japan, pp.
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I. Yoshikawa and M. Kimoto, 1998: An El Niño
prediction experiment with a JMA ocean–atmosphere coupled model, Kookai. Proceedings of the
WMO International Workshop on Dynamical
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Jacobs, G. A., G. H. Born, M. E. Parke and
P. C. Allen, 1992: The global structure of the
annual and semiannual sea-surface height variability from Geosat altimeter data. J. Geophys. Res.
97, 17813–17828. [3.3]
Jacobs, G. A., W. J. Emery and G. H. Born, 1993:
Rossby waves in the Pacific Ocean extracted from
Geosat altimeter data. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23,
1155–1175. [3.3]
Jacobs, G. A., H. E. Hurlburt, J. C. Kindle et al.,
1994: Decade-scale trans-Pacific propagation and
warming effects of an El Niño anomaly. Nature
370, 360–363. [3.3, 7.3]
Jacobs, G. A., W. J. Teague, J. L. Mitchell and
H. E. Hurlburt, 1996: An examination of the
North Pacific Ocean in the spectral domain
using Geosat altimeter data and a numerical
ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1025–1044.
[3.3]
Jacobs, S. S., 1991: On the nature and significance of
the Antarctic Slope Front. Mar. Chem., 35, 9–24.
[4.5]
Jacobs, S. S. and D. T. Georgi, 1977: Observations
on the southwest Indian/Antarctic Ocean. In: A
Voyage of Discovery: George Deacon 70th
Anniversary Volume, M. Angel (ed.), Pergamon
Press, Oxford, pp. 43–84. [4.6]
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1970: Ross Sea oceanography and Antarctic
Bottom Water formation. Deep-Sea Res. 17,
935–962. [5.8]
Jacobs, S. S., A. L. Gordon and A. F. Amos, 1979:
Effects of glacial ice melting on Antarctic Surface
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Jacobs, S. S., R. G. Fairbanks and Y. Horibe, 1985:
Origin and evolution of water masses near the
Antarctic Continental Margin: evidence from
H 2
18 O/H 2
16 O ratios in seawater. In: Oceanology
of the Antarctic Continental Shelf, Antarctic
Research Series 43, American Geophysical Union,
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Jaeger, L., 1983: Monthly and areal patterns of mean
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differences of temperature and humidity. Quart.
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Jenkins, W. J., 1982: On the climate of a subtropical
gyre: decade timescale variations in water mass
renewal in the Sargasso Sea. J. Mar. Res. 40
(suppl.), 265–290. [5.4, 7.3]
Jenkins, W. J., 1987:
3
H and
3 He in the beta triangle:
Observations of gyre ventilation and oxygen
utilization rates. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 17, 763–783.
[5.3, 5.8]
Jenkins, W. J., 1996: Tritium and
3
He in the WOCE
Pacific Program. International WOCE Newsletter,
No. 23, 6–8, WOCE International Project Office
(unpublished document). [5.8]
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Climate Change, J. T. Houghton et al., (eds),
Cambridge University Press, 572 pp. [2.3]
IPCC, 2001: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific
Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the
Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding,
D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. van der Linden, X. Dai
and K. Maskell (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press,
in press. [1.2, 2.3.]
Iselin, C. O . D., 1939: The influence of vertical and
lateral turbulence on the characteristics of the
waters at mid-depths. Trans. Amer. Geophys.
Union 20, 414–417. [5.3, 5.4, 7.3]
Isemer, H. J. and L. Hasse, 1987: The Bunker
Climate Atlas of the North Atlantic Ocean,
Vol. 2: Air–Sea Interactions. Springer-Verlag,
Berlin, 218 pp. [5.1]
Isemer, H.-J., J. Willebrand and L. Hasse, 1989:
Fine adjustment of large scale air–sea energy
flux parameterisations by direct estimates of
ocean heat transport. J. Climate 2, 1173–
1184. [6.2]
Ishida, A., Y. Kashino, H. Mitsudera and T.
Kadokura, 1998: Mean circulation and variability
in the global high-resolution GCM – the
Equatorial Currents System in the Pacific Ocean.
Proc. of the Inter-national Symposium Triangle
’98, 29 Sept.–2 Oct., 1998, Kyoto, Japan, pp.
178–189. [4.3]
Ishii, M., S. Hasegawa, I. Sugimoto, I. Ishikawa,
I. Yoshikawa and M. Kimoto, 1998: An El Niño
prediction experiment with a JMA ocean–atmosphere coupled model, Kookai. Proceedings of the
WMO International Workshop on Dynamical
Extended Range Forecasting, Toulouse 1997.
World Meteorological Organisation, WMO/TD
No. 881, pp. 105–108. [2.3]
Isobe, A., 1994: Tsushima Warm Current in the
Tsushima/Korea Straits. Kaiyo Monthly 26, 802–
809 (in Japanese). [6.1]
Ivchenko, V., A. Krupitsky, V. Kamenkovich and
N. Wells, 1999: Modeling the Antarctic Circumpolar
Current: a comparison of FRAM and equivalent barotropic model results. J. Mar. Res. 57,
29–45. [4.6]
Jacobs, G. A. and J. L. Mitchell, 1996: Ocean circulation variations associated with the Antarctic
Circumpolar Wave. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23,
2947–2950. [2.3, 3.3]
Jacobs, G. A., G. H. Born, M. E. Parke and
P. C. Allen, 1992: The global structure of the
annual and semiannual sea-surface height variability from Geosat altimeter data. J. Geophys. Res.
97, 17813–17828. [3.3]
Jacobs, G. A., W. J. Emery and G. H. Born, 1993:
Rossby waves in the Pacific Ocean extracted from
Geosat altimeter data. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23,
1155–1175. [3.3]
Jacobs, G. A., H. E. Hurlburt, J. C. Kindle et al.,
1994: Decade-scale trans-Pacific propagation and
warming effects of an El Niño anomaly. Nature
370, 360–363. [3.3, 7.3]
Jacobs, G. A., W. J. Teague, J. L. Mitchell and
H. E. Hurlburt, 1996: An examination of the
North Pacific Ocean in the spectral domain
using Geosat altimeter data and a numerical
ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1025–1044.
[3.3]
Jacobs, S. S., 1991: On the nature and significance of
the Antarctic Slope Front. Mar. Chem., 35, 9–24.
[4.5]
Jacobs, S. S. and D. T. Georgi, 1977: Observations
on the southwest Indian/Antarctic Ocean. In: A
Voyage of Discovery: George Deacon 70th
Anniversary Volume, M. Angel (ed.), Pergamon
Press, Oxford, pp. 43–84. [4.6]
Jacobs, S. S., A. F. Amos and P. M. Bruchhausen,
1970: Ross Sea oceanography and Antarctic
Bottom Water formation. Deep-Sea Res. 17,
935–962. [5.8]
Jacobs, S. S., A. L. Gordon and A. F. Amos, 1979:
Effects of glacial ice melting on Antarctic Surface
Water. Nature 277, 469–471. [5.8]
Jacobs, S. S., R. G. Fairbanks and Y. Horibe, 1985:
Origin and evolution of water masses near the
Antarctic Continental Margin: evidence from
H 2
18 O/H 2
16 O ratios in seawater. In: Oceanology
of the Antarctic Continental Shelf, Antarctic
Research Series 43, American Geophysical Union,
Washington, DC, pp. 59–85. [5.8]
Jaeger, L., 1983: Monthly and areal patterns of mean
global precipitation. In: Variations in the Global
Water Budget, A. Street-Perrot et al. (eds),
D. Reidel Publ. Co., pp. 129–140. [6.2]
Jeffreys, H., 1925: On fluid motions produced by
differences of temperature and humidity. Quart.
J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 51, 347–356. [5.2]
Jenkins, W. J., 1982: On the climate of a subtropical
gyre: decade timescale variations in water mass
renewal in the Sargasso Sea. J. Mar. Res. 40
(suppl.), 265–290. [5.4, 7.3]
Jenkins, W. J., 1987:
3
H and
3 He in the beta triangle:
Observations of gyre ventilation and oxygen
utilization rates. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 17, 763–783.
[5.3, 5.8]
Jenkins, W. J., 1996: Tritium and
3
He in the WOCE
Pacific Program. International WOCE Newsletter,
No. 23, 6–8, WOCE International Project Office
(unpublished document). [5.8]
REFERENCES
632