Function and metabolism
23.6%) and a concomitant decrease in MUFAs and PUFAs proportions
(17.0% versus 17.9% and 57.0% versus 38.3%, respectively).
Our results indicate that transfer in sea water of brown trout caused a
decrease in lipid content of organs in close contact with sea water such
as gills and intestine. These results are in agreement with those previously published on gills in Atlantic salmon (Takeuchi et al., 1989).
This decrease in lipid content mainly affected triglyceride content
which suggests that adaptation to sea water required energy, probably
to regulate osmotic pressure and ionic concentration. In contrast, during
sea water adaptation, lipid content increased in muscle and liver which
are the tissues where lipids are storecl when food is available in large
amounts. This is consistent with the increase in (n-3) PUFA proportion
in liver triglycerides as these fatty acids are abundant in sea food.
Bibliographic references
Bartlett G. R., 1959. Phosphorus assay in column chromatography. J.
Biol. Chem., 234, 446-468.
Bell J.G., McVicar A.H., Park M.T., Sargent J.R., 1991. Hight dietary
linoleic acid affects the fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids from tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): association
with stress susceptibility and cardiac lesion. J. Ntitr., 121, 11631172.
Folch J., Lees M., Sloane-Stanley G.H., 1957. A simple method for the
isolation and purification of total lipicls Irom animal tissues. J. Biol.
Chem., 226, 497-509.
Greene D.H.S., Selivonchick D.P., 1990. Effects of dietary vegetable,
animal and marine lipids on muscle lipid and hematology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 89, 165-182.
Henderson R.J., Tocher D.R., 1987. The lipid composition and biochemistry of freshwater fish. Prog. Lipid Res., 26, 281-347.
Juaneda P, Rocquelin G., 1985. Rapid and convenient separation of
phospholipids and non-phosphorus lipids from rat heart using silica.
Lipids, 20, 40-41.
Léger C., Frémont L., Boudon M., 1981. Fatty acid composition of
lipids in trout. I. Influence of dietary fatty acids on the triglyceride
fatty acid desaturation in serum, adipose tissue, liver, white and
red muscles. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 69B, 99-105.
Leseigneur-Meynier A., Gandemer G., 1991. Lipicl composition of
pork muscle in relation to the metabolic type of the fibres. Meat
Sci., 29, 229-241.
Takeuchi T., Kang S.J., Watanabé T., 1989. Effect of environmental
salinity on lipid classes and fatty acid composition in gills of Atlantic
salmon. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1395-1405.
145
23.6%) and a concomitant decrease in MUFAs and PUFAs proportions
(17.0% versus 17.9% and 57.0% versus 38.3%, respectively).
Our results indicate that transfer in sea water of brown trout caused a
decrease in lipid content of organs in close contact with sea water such
as gills and intestine. These results are in agreement with those previously published on gills in Atlantic salmon (Takeuchi et al., 1989).
This decrease in lipid content mainly affected triglyceride content
which suggests that adaptation to sea water required energy, probably
to regulate osmotic pressure and ionic concentration. In contrast, during
sea water adaptation, lipid content increased in muscle and liver which
are the tissues where lipids are storecl when food is available in large
amounts. This is consistent with the increase in (n-3) PUFA proportion
in liver triglycerides as these fatty acids are abundant in sea food.
Bibliographic references
Bartlett G. R., 1959. Phosphorus assay in column chromatography. J.
Biol. Chem., 234, 446-468.
Bell J.G., McVicar A.H., Park M.T., Sargent J.R., 1991. Hight dietary
linoleic acid affects the fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids from tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): association
with stress susceptibility and cardiac lesion. J. Ntitr., 121, 11631172.
Folch J., Lees M., Sloane-Stanley G.H., 1957. A simple method for the
isolation and purification of total lipicls Irom animal tissues. J. Biol.
Chem., 226, 497-509.
Greene D.H.S., Selivonchick D.P., 1990. Effects of dietary vegetable,
animal and marine lipids on muscle lipid and hematology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 89, 165-182.
Henderson R.J., Tocher D.R., 1987. The lipid composition and biochemistry of freshwater fish. Prog. Lipid Res., 26, 281-347.
Juaneda P, Rocquelin G., 1985. Rapid and convenient separation of
phospholipids and non-phosphorus lipids from rat heart using silica.
Lipids, 20, 40-41.
Léger C., Frémont L., Boudon M., 1981. Fatty acid composition of
lipids in trout. I. Influence of dietary fatty acids on the triglyceride
fatty acid desaturation in serum, adipose tissue, liver, white and
red muscles. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 69B, 99-105.
Leseigneur-Meynier A., Gandemer G., 1991. Lipicl composition of
pork muscle in relation to the metabolic type of the fibres. Meat
Sci., 29, 229-241.
Takeuchi T., Kang S.J., Watanabé T., 1989. Effect of environmental
salinity on lipid classes and fatty acid composition in gills of Atlantic
salmon. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 55, 1395-1405.
145