7 . THE LABYRINTH
237
Farkas, B. (1936). Zur Kenntnis des Horvermogens und des Gehororgans der Fische.
Acta Oto-Laryngol. 23, 499-532.
Flock, A. (1964). Structure of the macula utriculi with special reference to directional
interplay of sensory responses as revealed by morphological polarization. J . Cell
Biol. 22, 413-431.
Froloff, J. P. (1925). Bedingte Reflexe bei Fischen, I. Pfliigers Arch. Ges. Physiol. 208,
261-271.
Froloff, J. P. (1928). Bedingte Reflexe bei Fischen 11. Pflugers Arch. Ges. Physiol.
220, 339-349.
Groen, J. J., Lowenstein, O., and Vendrik, A. J. H. ( 1952). The mechanical analysis
of the responses from the end-organs of the horizontal semicircular canal in the
isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. J. Physiol. ( London) 117, 329-346.
Haempel, 0. (1911). Zur Frage des Horvermogens der Fische. Intern. Rev. Hydrobiol. 4, 315-326.
Hafen, G. (1935). Zur Psychologie der Dressurversuche. 2. Vergleich. Physiol. 22,
Kleerekoper, H., and Chagnon, E. C. (1954). Hearing in fish, with special reference
to Semotilis atromaculatus atromculatus ( Mitchill). J. Fisheries Res. Board Can.
11, 130-152.
Kleerekoper, H., and Roggenkamp, P. A. (1959). An experimental study on the effect
of the swimbladder on hearing sensitivity in Ameiurus nebulosus nebulosus
(Lesueur). Can. J. 2001. 37, 1-8.
Krausse, A. (1918). Kritische Bemerkungen und neue Versuche iiber das Horverm'ogen der Fische. 2. Allgem. Physiol. 17, 263-286.
Kritzler, H., and Wood, L. ( 1961 ). Provisional audiogram for the shark, Carcharhinus
leucas. Science 133, 1480-1482.
Kubo, I. (1906). Uber die vom N . acusticus ausgelosten Augenbewegungen. Arch.
Gcs. Physiol. 115, 457482.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1932). Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber den Gleichgewichtssinn
der Elritze (Phorinus laevis L.). 2. Vergleich. Physiol. 17, 806-854.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1936). The equilibrium function of the vertebrate labyrinth. Biol.
Rev. 11, 113-145.
Lowenstein, 0. (1937). The tonic function of the horizontal semicircular canals in
fishes. J . Exptl. Biol. 14, 473482.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1954). The effect of galvanic polarization on the impulse discharge
from sense endings in the isolated labyrinth of the Thornback Ray (Raja
clauata). J. Physiol. (London) 127, 104-117.
Lowenstein, 0. (1970). The electrophysiological study of the responses of the
isolated labyrinth of the lamprey ( Lampetra fluviatilis) to angular acceleration
tilting and mechanical vibration. PTOC. Roy. SOC. B 174, 419-434.
Lowenstein, O., and Roberts, T. D. M. (1949). The equilibrium function of the
otolith organs of the Thornback Ray (Raja cluvata). J. Physiol. (London) 110,
392415.
Lowenstein, O., and Roberts, T. D. M. (1951). The localization and analysis of the
responses to vibration from the isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. A contribution
to the problem of the evolution of hearing in vertebrates. J . Physiol. (London)
114, 471-489.
Lowenstein, O., and Sand, A. (1936). The activity of the horizontal semicircular
canal of the dogfish, Scyllium canicula. J. Exptl. Biol. 13, 416428.
192-220.
237
Farkas, B. (1936). Zur Kenntnis des Horvermogens und des Gehororgans der Fische.
Acta Oto-Laryngol. 23, 499-532.
Flock, A. (1964). Structure of the macula utriculi with special reference to directional
interplay of sensory responses as revealed by morphological polarization. J . Cell
Biol. 22, 413-431.
Froloff, J. P. (1925). Bedingte Reflexe bei Fischen, I. Pfliigers Arch. Ges. Physiol. 208,
261-271.
Froloff, J. P. (1928). Bedingte Reflexe bei Fischen 11. Pflugers Arch. Ges. Physiol.
220, 339-349.
Groen, J. J., Lowenstein, O., and Vendrik, A. J. H. ( 1952). The mechanical analysis
of the responses from the end-organs of the horizontal semicircular canal in the
isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. J. Physiol. ( London) 117, 329-346.
Haempel, 0. (1911). Zur Frage des Horvermogens der Fische. Intern. Rev. Hydrobiol. 4, 315-326.
Hafen, G. (1935). Zur Psychologie der Dressurversuche. 2. Vergleich. Physiol. 22,
Kleerekoper, H., and Chagnon, E. C. (1954). Hearing in fish, with special reference
to Semotilis atromaculatus atromculatus ( Mitchill). J. Fisheries Res. Board Can.
11, 130-152.
Kleerekoper, H., and Roggenkamp, P. A. (1959). An experimental study on the effect
of the swimbladder on hearing sensitivity in Ameiurus nebulosus nebulosus
(Lesueur). Can. J. 2001. 37, 1-8.
Krausse, A. (1918). Kritische Bemerkungen und neue Versuche iiber das Horverm'ogen der Fische. 2. Allgem. Physiol. 17, 263-286.
Kritzler, H., and Wood, L. ( 1961 ). Provisional audiogram for the shark, Carcharhinus
leucas. Science 133, 1480-1482.
Kubo, I. (1906). Uber die vom N . acusticus ausgelosten Augenbewegungen. Arch.
Gcs. Physiol. 115, 457482.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1932). Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber den Gleichgewichtssinn
der Elritze (Phorinus laevis L.). 2. Vergleich. Physiol. 17, 806-854.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1936). The equilibrium function of the vertebrate labyrinth. Biol.
Rev. 11, 113-145.
Lowenstein, 0. (1937). The tonic function of the horizontal semicircular canals in
fishes. J . Exptl. Biol. 14, 473482.
Lowenstein, 0. ( 1954). The effect of galvanic polarization on the impulse discharge
from sense endings in the isolated labyrinth of the Thornback Ray (Raja
clauata). J. Physiol. (London) 127, 104-117.
Lowenstein, 0. (1970). The electrophysiological study of the responses of the
isolated labyrinth of the lamprey ( Lampetra fluviatilis) to angular acceleration
tilting and mechanical vibration. PTOC. Roy. SOC. B 174, 419-434.
Lowenstein, O., and Roberts, T. D. M. (1949). The equilibrium function of the
otolith organs of the Thornback Ray (Raja cluvata). J. Physiol. (London) 110,
392415.
Lowenstein, O., and Roberts, T. D. M. (1951). The localization and analysis of the
responses to vibration from the isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. A contribution
to the problem of the evolution of hearing in vertebrates. J . Physiol. (London)
114, 471-489.
Lowenstein, O., and Sand, A. (1936). The activity of the horizontal semicircular
canal of the dogfish, Scyllium canicula. J. Exptl. Biol. 13, 416428.
192-220.