464
C. B. COWEY AND J. R. SARQENT
Biotin deficiency in birds and mammals leads to forms of dermatitis
and similar skin lesions occur in the biotin deficiency syndrome of
chinook salmon (Halver, 1957). In addition growth is retarded and
erythrocytes are fragmented.
Ogino et al. (1970) likewise found growth rate and haematology
affected by biotin deficiency in carp. The total lipid present in liver and
muscle of biotin deficient carp was similar to that in normal carp.
However, as both normal and deficient diets contained cod liver oil
(2%) and soyabean oil (3%) the limitations on lipid synthesis by the
fish imposed by lack of biotin would not be exposed at a gross level.
Reported biotin requirements (mg/kg body weight/day) are 0.005 in
trout (McLaen et al., 1947) ; 0.03 in carp (Ogino et al., 1970) and 0.38 in
chinook salmon (Halver, 1957).
8. mi^ mid
Folio acid (XII) consists of three moieties, 2-amino-4 hydroxy-6
methyl pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and glutamic acid, hence its
synonym pteroyl glutamic acid. At the coenzyme level it functions in
metabolic systems controlling the transfer of one-carbon units. These
one carbon units are at the oxidation level of either formic acid or
formaldehyde and the vitamin is present in the reduced state as
tetrahydrofolate.
Pteridine
p-amino
Glutarnic acid
benzolc a c i d
(m
Metabolic transformations in which coenzymes of folic acid are
concerned include (i) the formation of serine from glycine; (ii) the
biosynthesis of purines ; (iii) the transfer of " labile " methyl groups in
the formation of choline, methionine and thymine.
C. B. COWEY AND J. R. SARQENT
Biotin deficiency in birds and mammals leads to forms of dermatitis
and similar skin lesions occur in the biotin deficiency syndrome of
chinook salmon (Halver, 1957). In addition growth is retarded and
erythrocytes are fragmented.
Ogino et al. (1970) likewise found growth rate and haematology
affected by biotin deficiency in carp. The total lipid present in liver and
muscle of biotin deficient carp was similar to that in normal carp.
However, as both normal and deficient diets contained cod liver oil
(2%) and soyabean oil (3%) the limitations on lipid synthesis by the
fish imposed by lack of biotin would not be exposed at a gross level.
Reported biotin requirements (mg/kg body weight/day) are 0.005 in
trout (McLaen et al., 1947) ; 0.03 in carp (Ogino et al., 1970) and 0.38 in
chinook salmon (Halver, 1957).
8. mi^ mid
Folio acid (XII) consists of three moieties, 2-amino-4 hydroxy-6
methyl pteridine, p-amino benzoic acid and glutamic acid, hence its
synonym pteroyl glutamic acid. At the coenzyme level it functions in
metabolic systems controlling the transfer of one-carbon units. These
one carbon units are at the oxidation level of either formic acid or
formaldehyde and the vitamin is present in the reduced state as
tetrahydrofolate.
Pteridine
p-amino
Glutarnic acid
benzolc a c i d
(m
Metabolic transformations in which coenzymes of folic acid are
concerned include (i) the formation of serine from glycine; (ii) the
biosynthesis of purines ; (iii) the transfer of " labile " methyl groups in
the formation of choline, methionine and thymine.