REVIEW OF THE SYSTEMATIUS AND EUOLOOY OF OCEANIU SQUIDS
126
10.0-14-0 cm while females reach this stage between 16.0-22.0 cm.
Grimpe (1924) described the hectocotylization of both ventral arms
and surmised that during copulation the male grasps the female round
the head with the dorsal arms and her body with the lateral arms
while introducing the ventral arms into her mantle cavity into which
the spermatophores are passed. During this process the pair lie head
to head, the dorsal side of the male, lying against the ventral side of
the female’s head. The largest recorded male is 19.6 cm and the largest
female 25.5 cm in mantle length (Girard, 1890b).
The size of specimens taken off West Africa (Adam, 1952, Fig. 40)
month by month suggests that hatching does not take place throughout
the whole year and that the species migrates; the larger squid suddenly
disappear from the catches in about November. As one would expect,
the size is temporarily out of step with that of the Mediterranean squids
of the same dimensions although an approximately similar size is
finally reached. Mangold-Wirz (1963b) estimated that a female could
produce from 6 000-12 000 eggs. These squids have been said to eat
fish but otherwise nothing is known of the diet. Predators include
Thunnus alalonga (Bouxin and Legendre, 1936) and Raja mouli (Adam,
1962).
G. Todaropsis
This genus contains a single species.
1. Todaropsis eblanue (Ball, 1841)
Loligo eblanae Ball, 1841
Loligo sagittutu VBrany, 1861
Todaropsis Verunyi Girmd, 1889
Todaropsis veranii Nobre, 1936
This species probably lives on the continental slope occasionally
coming on to the shelf (Fig. 10). It is common in the Ligurian Sea
(Issel, 1931), at Nice (Vbrany, 1851), Barcelona (Lozano y Rey, 1905),
Naples (Jatta, 1896; Pfeffer, 1912; Naef, 1923; Grimpe, 1926), Catalonian
Sea (Mangold-Wirz, 1963b), Blanes (Morales, 1958) and the Adriatic
(Gamulin-Brida, 1963). It is also common on the eastern side of the
North and South Atlantic having been recorded from the North Sea
and British Isles (Ball, 1841; Hoyle, 1891, 1903; Nichols, 1900; Pfeffer,
1908b; Massy, 1909; 1928a; Scott, 1926; Sparck, 1928; Gyngell, 1929;
Stevenson, 1935; Hertling, 1936; Stephen, 1944; Rae et al., 1957;
Rees, 1957; Rae, 1961), around the Atlantic coasts of Europe (Girard,
1889; 1890a, 1892, 1893; Chun, 1913; Joubin, 1920; Bouxin and
Legendre, 1936) along the west coasts of North Africa (Robson, 1926a;
Desbrosses, 1938) from Senegal, Gambia and Guinea (Adam, 1951,
126
10.0-14-0 cm while females reach this stage between 16.0-22.0 cm.
Grimpe (1924) described the hectocotylization of both ventral arms
and surmised that during copulation the male grasps the female round
the head with the dorsal arms and her body with the lateral arms
while introducing the ventral arms into her mantle cavity into which
the spermatophores are passed. During this process the pair lie head
to head, the dorsal side of the male, lying against the ventral side of
the female’s head. The largest recorded male is 19.6 cm and the largest
female 25.5 cm in mantle length (Girard, 1890b).
The size of specimens taken off West Africa (Adam, 1952, Fig. 40)
month by month suggests that hatching does not take place throughout
the whole year and that the species migrates; the larger squid suddenly
disappear from the catches in about November. As one would expect,
the size is temporarily out of step with that of the Mediterranean squids
of the same dimensions although an approximately similar size is
finally reached. Mangold-Wirz (1963b) estimated that a female could
produce from 6 000-12 000 eggs. These squids have been said to eat
fish but otherwise nothing is known of the diet. Predators include
Thunnus alalonga (Bouxin and Legendre, 1936) and Raja mouli (Adam,
1962).
G. Todaropsis
This genus contains a single species.
1. Todaropsis eblanue (Ball, 1841)
Loligo eblanae Ball, 1841
Loligo sagittutu VBrany, 1861
Todaropsis Verunyi Girmd, 1889
Todaropsis veranii Nobre, 1936
This species probably lives on the continental slope occasionally
coming on to the shelf (Fig. 10). It is common in the Ligurian Sea
(Issel, 1931), at Nice (Vbrany, 1851), Barcelona (Lozano y Rey, 1905),
Naples (Jatta, 1896; Pfeffer, 1912; Naef, 1923; Grimpe, 1926), Catalonian
Sea (Mangold-Wirz, 1963b), Blanes (Morales, 1958) and the Adriatic
(Gamulin-Brida, 1963). It is also common on the eastern side of the
North and South Atlantic having been recorded from the North Sea
and British Isles (Ball, 1841; Hoyle, 1891, 1903; Nichols, 1900; Pfeffer,
1908b; Massy, 1909; 1928a; Scott, 1926; Sparck, 1928; Gyngell, 1929;
Stevenson, 1935; Hertling, 1936; Stephen, 1944; Rae et al., 1957;
Rees, 1957; Rae, 1961), around the Atlantic coasts of Europe (Girard,
1889; 1890a, 1892, 1893; Chun, 1913; Joubin, 1920; Bouxin and
Legendre, 1936) along the west coasts of North Africa (Robson, 1926a;
Desbrosses, 1938) from Senegal, Gambia and Guinea (Adam, 1951,