138
B. STONEHOUSE
the west coast, and Stewart Island. Chatham Island penguins, a form
with heavier bill and thinner plumage, breed only on the Chathams.
White-JEippered penguins breed on the Banks Peninsula and neighbouring coast of the South Island; in the Cook Strait area they may interbreed
with Northern Blue penguins.
Genus Megadyptes (Fig. 3)
Yellow-eyed penguins share breeding areas with Southern Blue penguins in southern New Zealand, and are also plentiful on Campbell and
Auckland Islands.
Genus Eudyptes (Fig. 4)
Rockhopper penguins breed on every available warm temperate and
cool temperate island from Tristan da Cunha and New Amsterdam in
the north to Macquarie and Staten Islands in the south, and are anomalously plentiful on Heard Island, in sub-Antarctic waters. Macaroni
penguins are the counterpart of Rockhoppers in the sub-Antarctic,
breeding on Heard Island, South Georgia, Bouvetraya, the South Sandwich and South Shetland Islands, and in turn appearing in anomalously
large numbers on Marion Island, north of the Antarctic convergence.
Macaronis also breed in small numbers on Iles Kerguelen and Crozet and
the Falklands; on Macquarie their counterpart is the Royal penguin, a
separate but closely similar species.
Fjordland penguins breed among the coastal rain forests of southwestern New Zealand, and on Stewart Island and islets in Foveux Strait.
Snares Islands penguins are a closely related endemic species, breeding
only on the small group of islands 60 miles (96 km) south 0f Stewart
Island. Erect-crested penguins breed in huge colonies on Antipodes and
Bounty Islands, in smaller numbers on Campbell Island, and rarely in
southern New Zealand.
Genus Pygoscelia (Fig. 4)
Ade'lie penguins breed mainly on the coast of the Antarctic continent,
as fax south as open water may be expected in spring: the southernmost
colony is at Cape Royds, within 900 miles (1 440 km) of the South Pole.
Addies extend northward along the Antarctic Peninsula to the South
Shetlands, South Orkneys, South Sandwich Islands and Bouvetraya, and
also breed on Peter I Oy, Scott Island and the Balleny Islands. Chinstrup
penguins breed on islands of the Scotia Arc including South Georgia, and
on the Antarctic peninsula southward to about 65"s. A few pairs have
been reported from Peter I 0 y and Balleny Islands, and Sladen (1964,
p. 362) has suggested that the breeding range of the species is at present
expanding rapidly.
B. STONEHOUSE
the west coast, and Stewart Island. Chatham Island penguins, a form
with heavier bill and thinner plumage, breed only on the Chathams.
White-JEippered penguins breed on the Banks Peninsula and neighbouring coast of the South Island; in the Cook Strait area they may interbreed
with Northern Blue penguins.
Genus Megadyptes (Fig. 3)
Yellow-eyed penguins share breeding areas with Southern Blue penguins in southern New Zealand, and are also plentiful on Campbell and
Auckland Islands.
Genus Eudyptes (Fig. 4)
Rockhopper penguins breed on every available warm temperate and
cool temperate island from Tristan da Cunha and New Amsterdam in
the north to Macquarie and Staten Islands in the south, and are anomalously plentiful on Heard Island, in sub-Antarctic waters. Macaroni
penguins are the counterpart of Rockhoppers in the sub-Antarctic,
breeding on Heard Island, South Georgia, Bouvetraya, the South Sandwich and South Shetland Islands, and in turn appearing in anomalously
large numbers on Marion Island, north of the Antarctic convergence.
Macaronis also breed in small numbers on Iles Kerguelen and Crozet and
the Falklands; on Macquarie their counterpart is the Royal penguin, a
separate but closely similar species.
Fjordland penguins breed among the coastal rain forests of southwestern New Zealand, and on Stewart Island and islets in Foveux Strait.
Snares Islands penguins are a closely related endemic species, breeding
only on the small group of islands 60 miles (96 km) south 0f Stewart
Island. Erect-crested penguins breed in huge colonies on Antipodes and
Bounty Islands, in smaller numbers on Campbell Island, and rarely in
southern New Zealand.
Genus Pygoscelia (Fig. 4)
Ade'lie penguins breed mainly on the coast of the Antarctic continent,
as fax south as open water may be expected in spring: the southernmost
colony is at Cape Royds, within 900 miles (1 440 km) of the South Pole.
Addies extend northward along the Antarctic Peninsula to the South
Shetlands, South Orkneys, South Sandwich Islands and Bouvetraya, and
also breed on Peter I Oy, Scott Island and the Balleny Islands. Chinstrup
penguins breed on islands of the Scotia Arc including South Georgia, and
on the Antarctic peninsula southward to about 65"s. A few pairs have
been reported from Peter I 0 y and Balleny Islands, and Sladen (1964,
p. 362) has suggested that the breeding range of the species is at present
expanding rapidly.