CHAPTER
8
Polysaccharidases
PETER BERNFELD
Bio-Research Institute, Cambridge,
Massachusetts
I. Introduction
356
II. The Enzymes of Glycogen and Starch Degradation
....
357
A. α-Amylases
358
B. ß-Amylases
384
C. Glucosidases
390
III. Dextranase
394
A. Mechanism of Action
395
B. Occurrence
395
C. Conclusions
395
IV. Cellulases
396
A. The Substrate
396
B. Mechanism of Action
397
C. Occurrence
399
D. Conclusions
400
V. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Other Polyglucosans
401
A. Lichenase
401
B. Laminarase
401
VI. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Mannans and Mannogalactans
.
.
.
401
VII. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Fructans
402
A. Invertase
402
B. Inulase
402
VIII. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Pentosans (Xylanase)
402
IX. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Polyuronides
403
A. Pectic Enzymes
403
B. Alginase
407
C. Hemicellulases
408
X. Enzymes That Hydrolyze Pneumococcal Polysaccharides
.
.
.
408
XL Mucopolysaccharases
409
A. Chitinase
409
B. Hyaluronidase
410
C. Heparinase
412
D. Chondroitinase
412
E. Lysozyme
412
XII. General Discussion
413
References
416
355