54
HENRY EYRING, RICHARD P. BOYCE AND JOHN D. SPIKES
where A represents the area. The rate of increase in free energy is thus
d Ä = JiA
d ±i dx
(91)
dt
dx
For several species this expression is summed over all transfers. Since
dt
T dt
we have
or per unit volume
dSi
" -\^t
JiA
ji
dx
(92)
dt
ΤΘ--%*·%
(93)
i
In general, for three dimensions,
TO = - 2
J i' VM<
(94)
i
Again we see that this may be written
ΤΘ = J · X
where
J = Ji
X = — VMI
The general method is clear by which we may calculate the entropy
production of other processes. For the flow of energy the result is also
expressible in the form
ΤΘ = J · X
where
/ = the energy flow per unit area per unit time and
X = Tv-l/T
=
-vT/T
3. Entropy Production in Open Systems
Consider the model of a cell presented in Section II,C. We now
wish to consider the production of entropy in such an open system. To
do this we use the Gibbs formula in the form
dS =
< ^ + ^dV+^^dn i
(95)
HENRY EYRING, RICHARD P. BOYCE AND JOHN D. SPIKES
where A represents the area. The rate of increase in free energy is thus
d Ä = JiA
d ±i dx
(91)
dt
dx
For several species this expression is summed over all transfers. Since
dt
T dt
we have
or per unit volume
dSi
" -\^t
JiA
ji
dx
(92)
dt
ΤΘ--%*·%
(93)
i
In general, for three dimensions,
TO = - 2
J i' VM<
(94)
i
Again we see that this may be written
ΤΘ = J · X
where
J = Ji
X = — VMI
The general method is clear by which we may calculate the entropy
production of other processes. For the flow of energy the result is also
expressible in the form
ΤΘ = J · X
where
/ = the energy flow per unit area per unit time and
X = Tv-l/T
=
-vT/T
3. Entropy Production in Open Systems
Consider the model of a cell presented in Section II,C. We now
wish to consider the production of entropy in such an open system. To
do this we use the Gibbs formula in the form
dS =
< ^ + ^dV+^^dn i
(95)