LOCALIZATION
I N T H E DEVELOPING FUCUS
E G G
301
Vectors Effective in Polarizing Fucus Eggs
Response halfSpecies"
Vector
pH
maximal at:
Rhizoid
(selected refs.)
b
1
Light (unpolarized)
8
—
Dark
Fs(l), Ff(2)
la
6
—
Dark
Ff(3)
lb Light (polarized)
8
—
E vector
Ff, Pf(4), Fs(5)
2
Sperm
8
—
Entry point
Cb(6)
3
Shape of egg made
prolate
8
Long axis
Ff(7)
4
Heat gradient
8
0.4°C
Hot end
Ff(8)
5
Centrifugal force
8
1 min at
800 g (Cb)
Centrifugal
Cb(6), Ff(9)
5a
6
—
Centripetal
Ff(9), Pf(10)
6
Osmotic P gradient
8
5 X lO2
M
High water
Ff(ll)
7
Voltage gradient
8
25 mV
+
Fi(12)
—
10 mV
—
Fs(13)
8
K
+ gradient
8
2 X 10"
2 M
High K+
Ff(ll)
9
pH gradient
8
0.2 pH unit
High H+
Ff(ll)
10
Dinitrophenol gradient 8
2 X 10~
5 M
High DNP
Ff(14)
11
Indoleacetic acid
gradient
8
<5 X 10"
5 M
High IAA
Fv(15)
12
Flow
8
10 /x/sec
Upstream
Ff(16)
12a
6
0.1 ,u/sec
Downstream
Ff(16)
13
Diffusion barrier
8.5
—
Away
Ff(17)
13a
6
—
Toward
Ff(17)
14
Another egg
8
1 egg diameter
Away
Ff( 18-20)
14a
6
4 egg diameters
Toward
15
Various thalli
8
2-10 mm
Toward
Ff(3)
a Cb = Cystoseira barbata; Ff = Fucus
furcatus; Fe = Fucus evanescens, Fi =
Fucus inflatus, Fs = Fucus serratus, Fv = Fucus vesiculosus; Pf = Pelvetia fastigiata.
b
Key to references: (1) Bentrup, 1964; (2) Whitaker and Lowrance, 1936; (3) Jaffe,
unpublished; (4) Jaffe, 1958; (5) Bentrup, 1963; (6) Knapp, 1931; (7) Whitaker,
1940a; (8) Lowrance, 1937; (9) Whitaker, 1940b; (10) Lowrance and Whitaker, 1940;
(11) Bentrup et al, 1967; (12) Lund, 1923; (13) Bentrup, 1967; (14) Whitaker and
Berg, 1944; (15) Olson and du Buy, 1937; (16) Bentrup and Jaffe, 1968; (17) Whitaker
and Lowrance, 1937; (18) Whitaker, 1937; (19) Whitaker and Lowrance, 1940; (20)
Neuscheler and Jaffe, unpublished.
Be that as it may, it is seen that Fucus eggs can retain a latent and
tentative polarity induced by either flow, an electric field, or light applied 10 or more hours before they germinate.
It can also be inferred that the susceptibility of these eggs to both
centrifugation and to strong light shows little decline until a short time—
TABLE I
I N T H E DEVELOPING FUCUS
E G G
301
Vectors Effective in Polarizing Fucus Eggs
Response halfSpecies"
Vector
pH
maximal at:
Rhizoid
(selected refs.)
b
1
Light (unpolarized)
8
—
Dark
Fs(l), Ff(2)
la
6
—
Dark
Ff(3)
lb Light (polarized)
8
—
E vector
Ff, Pf(4), Fs(5)
2
Sperm
8
—
Entry point
Cb(6)
3
Shape of egg made
prolate
8
Long axis
Ff(7)
4
Heat gradient
8
0.4°C
Hot end
Ff(8)
5
Centrifugal force
8
1 min at
800 g (Cb)
Centrifugal
Cb(6), Ff(9)
5a
6
—
Centripetal
Ff(9), Pf(10)
6
Osmotic P gradient
8
5 X lO2
M
High water
Ff(ll)
7
Voltage gradient
8
25 mV
+
Fi(12)
—
10 mV
—
Fs(13)
8
K
+ gradient
8
2 X 10"
2 M
High K+
Ff(ll)
9
pH gradient
8
0.2 pH unit
High H+
Ff(ll)
10
Dinitrophenol gradient 8
2 X 10~
5 M
High DNP
Ff(14)
11
Indoleacetic acid
gradient
8
<5 X 10"
5 M
High IAA
Fv(15)
12
Flow
8
10 /x/sec
Upstream
Ff(16)
12a
6
0.1 ,u/sec
Downstream
Ff(16)
13
Diffusion barrier
8.5
—
Away
Ff(17)
13a
6
—
Toward
Ff(17)
14
Another egg
8
1 egg diameter
Away
Ff( 18-20)
14a
6
4 egg diameters
Toward
15
Various thalli
8
2-10 mm
Toward
Ff(3)
a Cb = Cystoseira barbata; Ff = Fucus
furcatus; Fe = Fucus evanescens, Fi =
Fucus inflatus, Fs = Fucus serratus, Fv = Fucus vesiculosus; Pf = Pelvetia fastigiata.
b
Key to references: (1) Bentrup, 1964; (2) Whitaker and Lowrance, 1936; (3) Jaffe,
unpublished; (4) Jaffe, 1958; (5) Bentrup, 1963; (6) Knapp, 1931; (7) Whitaker,
1940a; (8) Lowrance, 1937; (9) Whitaker, 1940b; (10) Lowrance and Whitaker, 1940;
(11) Bentrup et al, 1967; (12) Lund, 1923; (13) Bentrup, 1967; (14) Whitaker and
Berg, 1944; (15) Olson and du Buy, 1937; (16) Bentrup and Jaffe, 1968; (17) Whitaker
and Lowrance, 1937; (18) Whitaker, 1937; (19) Whitaker and Lowrance, 1940; (20)
Neuscheler and Jaffe, unpublished.
Be that as it may, it is seen that Fucus eggs can retain a latent and
tentative polarity induced by either flow, an electric field, or light applied 10 or more hours before they germinate.
It can also be inferred that the susceptibility of these eggs to both
centrifugation and to strong light shows little decline until a short time—
TABLE I