S U B J E C T I N D E X
7 8 5
Turnover (values)—continued
of mucopolysaccharides, 370, 379-80
of protein, 2 4 1 - 2 , 293, 309, 331
of R N A , 326, 328, 338
Tyrode's solution, 24, 34, 75, 100
containing insulin, 597
and culture o f ova, 578
as diluent to biological media, 103
formula of, 131
purity of, 112
vitamin A acetate in, 664
Tyrosine,
and bone, 304
content and growth hormone, 594
in Eagle's medium, 280
essential for tibia, 301
and heart tissue, 300, 303
and keratinization, 3 0 5 - 6
and kidney, 303
and liver, 303
loss to medium, 281
from phenylalanine, 289
and pigment formation, 306
required b y cell strains, 279
and serum proteins, 306
strain-L and, 114
substitutes for, 300
toxicity of, 300
vitamin A and use of, 305-6
U
UDP-jV-acetyl-galactosamine, 377
UDP-jV-acetyl-glucosamine, 377
UDP-glucose, 241, 377
UDP-glucuronic acid, 377
UDP-glucuronic acid epimerase, 377
Ulna,
and hydrocortisone, 613, 615
Ultrasound,
and dissociation o f cells, 52
Ultraviolet light,
absorption b y irradiated cells, 344
absorption during mitosis, 2 0 7 - 8 , 318
damage, and hydrocortisone, 6 1 0 - 1 1 ,
615
and lysosomes, 611, 615
for measuring nucleic acids, 42, 323,
331, 333-40
microscopy, 42, 321
and nucleoli, 217, 328
and spindle formation, 213
and strain-L, 343
Uracil,
precursors of, 300
in R N A , 317, 417
Urea,
dorsalizing action of, 551
source of, in cell cultures, 287
Ureter,
and induction o f metanephros, 480
organ culture of, 71, 128
Uridine,
in coding triplets, 321
and R N A , 417
tritiated, and R N A synthesis, 398,
439-40
uptake b y H e L a cells, 326
Uronic acid,
estimation of, 363, 366
from glucose, 377
in mucopolysaccharides, 357
production b y fibroblasts, 165
Uropygial gland,
differentiation of, 478
Uterus,
glycine uptake and oestradiol in, 308
oestrogens and, 627, 632-3
organ culture of, 71, 128, 632-3
V
Vacuoles,
in endoplasmic reticulum, 161
in epidermal cells after vitamin A ,
669-70
in functional m a m m a r y gland cells, 638
induced b y insulin, 265
Vagina,
alkaline phosphatase in, 627
keratinization of, 6 2 5 - 7 , 6 6 9 - 7 0
oestrogens and, 6 2 5 - 7 , 632
oestrone and vitamin A and, 129,
471
in organ and cell culture, 632
progesterone and, 625, 627
vitamin A and, 663, 6 6 9 - 7 0
Valine,
concentration in cell, 290
in Eagle's medium, 280
and heart tissue, 300, 303
L-strain and, 114
and protein synthesis in fibroblasts, 331
and protein turnover in macrophages,
309
and tibia, 301
7 8 5
Turnover (values)—continued
of mucopolysaccharides, 370, 379-80
of protein, 2 4 1 - 2 , 293, 309, 331
of R N A , 326, 328, 338
Tyrode's solution, 24, 34, 75, 100
containing insulin, 597
and culture o f ova, 578
as diluent to biological media, 103
formula of, 131
purity of, 112
vitamin A acetate in, 664
Tyrosine,
and bone, 304
content and growth hormone, 594
in Eagle's medium, 280
essential for tibia, 301
and heart tissue, 300, 303
and keratinization, 3 0 5 - 6
and kidney, 303
and liver, 303
loss to medium, 281
from phenylalanine, 289
and pigment formation, 306
required b y cell strains, 279
and serum proteins, 306
strain-L and, 114
substitutes for, 300
toxicity of, 300
vitamin A and use of, 305-6
U
UDP-jV-acetyl-galactosamine, 377
UDP-jV-acetyl-glucosamine, 377
UDP-glucose, 241, 377
UDP-glucuronic acid, 377
UDP-glucuronic acid epimerase, 377
Ulna,
and hydrocortisone, 613, 615
Ultrasound,
and dissociation o f cells, 52
Ultraviolet light,
absorption b y irradiated cells, 344
absorption during mitosis, 2 0 7 - 8 , 318
damage, and hydrocortisone, 6 1 0 - 1 1 ,
615
and lysosomes, 611, 615
for measuring nucleic acids, 42, 323,
331, 333-40
microscopy, 42, 321
and nucleoli, 217, 328
and spindle formation, 213
and strain-L, 343
Uracil,
precursors of, 300
in R N A , 317, 417
Urea,
dorsalizing action of, 551
source of, in cell cultures, 287
Ureter,
and induction o f metanephros, 480
organ culture of, 71, 128
Uridine,
in coding triplets, 321
and R N A , 417
tritiated, and R N A synthesis, 398,
439-40
uptake b y H e L a cells, 326
Uronic acid,
estimation of, 363, 366
from glucose, 377
in mucopolysaccharides, 357
production b y fibroblasts, 165
Uropygial gland,
differentiation of, 478
Uterus,
glycine uptake and oestradiol in, 308
oestrogens and, 627, 632-3
organ culture of, 71, 128, 632-3
V
Vacuoles,
in endoplasmic reticulum, 161
in epidermal cells after vitamin A ,
669-70
in functional m a m m a r y gland cells, 638
induced b y insulin, 265
Vagina,
alkaline phosphatase in, 627
keratinization of, 6 2 5 - 7 , 6 6 9 - 7 0
oestrogens and, 6 2 5 - 7 , 632
oestrone and vitamin A and, 129,
471
in organ and cell culture, 632
progesterone and, 625, 627
vitamin A and, 663, 6 6 9 - 7 0
Valine,
concentration in cell, 290
in Eagle's medium, 280
and heart tissue, 300, 303
L-strain and, 114
and protein synthesis in fibroblasts, 331
and protein turnover in macrophages,
309
and tibia, 301