784
S U B J E C T I N D E X
Trails,
from migrating cells, 4 9 3 - 4
Transaminase, 289
Transamination, 114, 249, 255
Transcarbamylase,
in liver, 279
Translocation, 410-12
frequency of, 414, 441-2
Trapping o f cells, 191
Trehalose,
as substitute for glucose, 2 4 4 - 6
Tricarboxylic cycle (see also Krebs cycle),
229
Trihydroxy-jV-methyl-indole, 218
Triiodothyronine, 639
and bones, 642-3, 645
and growth, 640
Triosephosphate dehydrogenase, 571
Triploidy,
chimera and, 412
Trisaccharides,
as sources o f carbohydrate, 245
Tris (hydroxymethyl) amino-methane,
as buffer, 24, 111
Tris-citrate buffer, 261
Trisomy,
mongolism and, 409
Tritium,
advantages of, 417
range o f ^-particles from, 329
Tropocollagen,
liberation b y fibroblasts, 165
Trunk-mesodermal induction, 550
Trypan blue,
and macrophages, 166
Trypsin,
action on erythrocytes, 59, 376
for activating tissues, 30, 192
adsorption of, 55
and animalization, 58
and collagen, 56
crystalline versus crude, 55
and cytoplasmic basophilia, 59
and digestion o f inducing agent, 480,
552
for dissociating tissues, 5 2 , 5 4 , 4 7 7 , 4 9 2 ,
510
effects of, 58
extraction o f mucopolysaccharides by,
360
and fertilization, 58
history o f the use of, 9, 10
inhibitors of, 54, 59
m o d e o f action of, 54
and release o f hexosamine, 376
and release o f mucoids by, 59, 368, 376
and release o f sialic acid, 376
for separating cell layers, 10, 54, 56
for subculture, 68
Tryptophan,
in Eagle's medium, 280
essential for heart tissue, 300, 303
essential for tibia, 301
L-cells and, 114
utilized b y kidney, 303
utilzed b y liver, 303
T u b e cultures, 44—5, 74
T u b u l e formation,
in epithelia, 491
T u m b l e r tubes,
for cell cultures, 11, 61, 69
T u m o u r (cancer) cells (see also Malignant
cells and specific types),
adhesiveness of, 518
in aggregates, 510, 518
aneuploidy in, 318, 343
calcium and, 5 2 - 3
D N A cycle and, 221, 223, 333-44
D N A template blocking in, 344
endoreduplication in, 423
frequency o f metaphases in, 343
generation time in, 422
glycolysis in, 594
heterochromatization and, 443
insulin and growth of, 593
invasiveness of, 382, 518
loss o f enzymes from, after citrate, 58
irom m a m m a r y gland, 638
radio-insensitive nuclear phosphorylation in, 344
sex hormones and, 628, 630, 633, 638
sodium p u m p in ascites, 240
vitamin A and growth of, 660
Tunica albuginea,
for supporting organ cultures, 75
Turbidimetric method,
for mucopolysaccharides, 367, 369
Turner's syndrome,
characteristics of, 407
sex chromatin in, 402, 407
X - c h r o m o s o m e in 4 0 6 - 7 , 450
Turnover (values), 2 4 1 - 2
of cells, 294
chondroitin sulphate and protein, 380
S U B J E C T I N D E X
Trails,
from migrating cells, 4 9 3 - 4
Transaminase, 289
Transamination, 114, 249, 255
Transcarbamylase,
in liver, 279
Translocation, 410-12
frequency of, 414, 441-2
Trapping o f cells, 191
Trehalose,
as substitute for glucose, 2 4 4 - 6
Tricarboxylic cycle (see also Krebs cycle),
229
Trihydroxy-jV-methyl-indole, 218
Triiodothyronine, 639
and bones, 642-3, 645
and growth, 640
Triosephosphate dehydrogenase, 571
Triploidy,
chimera and, 412
Trisaccharides,
as sources o f carbohydrate, 245
Tris (hydroxymethyl) amino-methane,
as buffer, 24, 111
Tris-citrate buffer, 261
Trisomy,
mongolism and, 409
Tritium,
advantages of, 417
range o f ^-particles from, 329
Tropocollagen,
liberation b y fibroblasts, 165
Trunk-mesodermal induction, 550
Trypan blue,
and macrophages, 166
Trypsin,
action on erythrocytes, 59, 376
for activating tissues, 30, 192
adsorption of, 55
and animalization, 58
and collagen, 56
crystalline versus crude, 55
and cytoplasmic basophilia, 59
and digestion o f inducing agent, 480,
552
for dissociating tissues, 5 2 , 5 4 , 4 7 7 , 4 9 2 ,
510
effects of, 58
extraction o f mucopolysaccharides by,
360
and fertilization, 58
history o f the use of, 9, 10
inhibitors of, 54, 59
m o d e o f action of, 54
and release o f hexosamine, 376
and release o f mucoids by, 59, 368, 376
and release o f sialic acid, 376
for separating cell layers, 10, 54, 56
for subculture, 68
Tryptophan,
in Eagle's medium, 280
essential for heart tissue, 300, 303
essential for tibia, 301
L-cells and, 114
utilized b y kidney, 303
utilzed b y liver, 303
T u b e cultures, 44—5, 74
T u b u l e formation,
in epithelia, 491
T u m b l e r tubes,
for cell cultures, 11, 61, 69
T u m o u r (cancer) cells (see also Malignant
cells and specific types),
adhesiveness of, 518
in aggregates, 510, 518
aneuploidy in, 318, 343
calcium and, 5 2 - 3
D N A cycle and, 221, 223, 333-44
D N A template blocking in, 344
endoreduplication in, 423
frequency o f metaphases in, 343
generation time in, 422
glycolysis in, 594
heterochromatization and, 443
insulin and growth of, 593
invasiveness of, 382, 518
loss o f enzymes from, after citrate, 58
irom m a m m a r y gland, 638
radio-insensitive nuclear phosphorylation in, 344
sex hormones and, 628, 630, 633, 638
sodium p u m p in ascites, 240
vitamin A and growth of, 660
Tunica albuginea,
for supporting organ cultures, 75
Turbidimetric method,
for mucopolysaccharides, 367, 369
Turner's syndrome,
characteristics of, 407
sex chromatin in, 402, 407
X - c h r o m o s o m e in 4 0 6 - 7 , 450
Turnover (values), 2 4 1 - 2
of cells, 294
chondroitin sulphate and protein, 380