S U B J E C T I N D E X
783
Thymidine—continued
leucaemic cells and, 325
and mitotic rate, 2 2 3 - 4 , 229
and nucleolus, 222, 325
replacement of, b y B U D R , 445
and sex chromosomes, 436, 438
tritiated, development of, 418
tritiated and D N A , 210, 2 2 1 - 2 , 324,
328-9, 332, 398, 417-18, 421
uptake b y H e L a cells, 326
Thymidylic acid,
and D N A , 417
-synthetase, 429
Thymine,
and adenine, 319
deficiency and mutagenesis, 431
in D N A , 317, 417
and incorporation o f B U D R , 445
precursors of, 300
radioactive, 417
starvation and synchrony of mitosis, 429
Thymocytes, 143, 319
Thymus,
age and, 502
effects o f radiation on, 344
interspecific chimaeres with, 511
mesenchyme and differentiation of, 478
organ culture of, 71
outgrowth from, 143-5
transfilter induction in, 479
Thyroid,
antra in, 602
behaviour o f dispersed, 477
culture o f whole, 7 1 - 2 , 8 4 - 5 , 128
differentiation of, 478
glycoprotein and, 477
pituitary and, 602
survival time of, 83
thyrotrophin on, 601-3
thyroxine and fibroblasts from, 640
Thyrotrophic hormone (Thyrotrophin,
T S H ) 601-3
and cell cultures o f thyroid, 477
and colloid formation, 6 0 1 - 2 , 606
and formation o f antra, 602
and gonadotrophins, 606
hypothalamus and production of, 604
inactivation of, 602-3
iodide and, 603
Thyroxine,
and bones and cartilage, 6 3 9 - 4 3 , 645
and carcinoma cells, 640
and cell multiplication, 6 4 0 - 2 , 644
for differentiation o f skin, 130
on fibroblasts, 6 3 9 - 4 0
first in use in media, 102
and glycolysis, 2 6 5 - 6
and mitochondria, 640
and oxidative phosphorylation, 640,645
and pigment formation, 6 4 3 - 4
production in vitro, 477
Tibia,
action o f insulin on, 597-600
amino acids and, 128, 299-301
aminobenzoic acid and, 127
growth hormone and, 600
hydrocortisone and, 614-15
thyroxine and, 641-2
triiodothyronine and, 642-3
Tibiotarsi,
in chemically defined media, 299
Time-lapse camera t. o . (see also M i c r o -
cinematography), 5
Tissue,
estimation of, 42
Tissue culture (explant culture),
definitions, 1, 20-1
origins of, 2
o f plants, 2
uses of, 4, 298
Tissue-culture cells, 49, 172
Tissue extracts (see also E m b r y o extract
and specific tissues), 31, 573
heterologous, 68
Tissue fluids,
mucopolysaccharides in, 355
Tissue/medium ratio, 72, 84
Titanium,
for organ cultures, 77
Toluidine blue,
metachromacy with, 358-9, 598, 6 7 5 - 6
T o n g u e ,
vitamin A and, 667
Totipotence,
of cells in vitro, 173
T P N ,
and cell lines, 283
Trace elements, 129, 282
Trachea,
cell types in, 160
ciliation in, vitamin A and, 671
keratinization o f epithelium of, 661-2
organ culture of, 128
perfusion method for, 80
783
Thymidine—continued
leucaemic cells and, 325
and mitotic rate, 2 2 3 - 4 , 229
and nucleolus, 222, 325
replacement of, b y B U D R , 445
and sex chromosomes, 436, 438
tritiated, development of, 418
tritiated and D N A , 210, 2 2 1 - 2 , 324,
328-9, 332, 398, 417-18, 421
uptake b y H e L a cells, 326
Thymidylic acid,
and D N A , 417
-synthetase, 429
Thymine,
and adenine, 319
deficiency and mutagenesis, 431
in D N A , 317, 417
and incorporation o f B U D R , 445
precursors of, 300
radioactive, 417
starvation and synchrony of mitosis, 429
Thymocytes, 143, 319
Thymus,
age and, 502
effects o f radiation on, 344
interspecific chimaeres with, 511
mesenchyme and differentiation of, 478
organ culture of, 71
outgrowth from, 143-5
transfilter induction in, 479
Thyroid,
antra in, 602
behaviour o f dispersed, 477
culture o f whole, 7 1 - 2 , 8 4 - 5 , 128
differentiation of, 478
glycoprotein and, 477
pituitary and, 602
survival time of, 83
thyrotrophin on, 601-3
thyroxine and fibroblasts from, 640
Thyrotrophic hormone (Thyrotrophin,
T S H ) 601-3
and cell cultures o f thyroid, 477
and colloid formation, 6 0 1 - 2 , 606
and formation o f antra, 602
and gonadotrophins, 606
hypothalamus and production of, 604
inactivation of, 602-3
iodide and, 603
Thyroxine,
and bones and cartilage, 6 3 9 - 4 3 , 645
and carcinoma cells, 640
and cell multiplication, 6 4 0 - 2 , 644
for differentiation o f skin, 130
on fibroblasts, 6 3 9 - 4 0
first in use in media, 102
and glycolysis, 2 6 5 - 6
and mitochondria, 640
and oxidative phosphorylation, 640,645
and pigment formation, 6 4 3 - 4
production in vitro, 477
Tibia,
action o f insulin on, 597-600
amino acids and, 128, 299-301
aminobenzoic acid and, 127
growth hormone and, 600
hydrocortisone and, 614-15
thyroxine and, 641-2
triiodothyronine and, 642-3
Tibiotarsi,
in chemically defined media, 299
Time-lapse camera t. o . (see also M i c r o -
cinematography), 5
Tissue,
estimation of, 42
Tissue culture (explant culture),
definitions, 1, 20-1
origins of, 2
o f plants, 2
uses of, 4, 298
Tissue-culture cells, 49, 172
Tissue extracts (see also E m b r y o extract
and specific tissues), 31, 573
heterologous, 68
Tissue fluids,
mucopolysaccharides in, 355
Tissue/medium ratio, 72, 84
Titanium,
for organ cultures, 77
Toluidine blue,
metachromacy with, 358-9, 598, 6 7 5 - 6
T o n g u e ,
vitamin A and, 667
Totipotence,
of cells in vitro, 173
T P N ,
and cell lines, 283
Trace elements, 129, 282
Trachea,
cell types in, 160
ciliation in, vitamin A and, 671
keratinization o f epithelium of, 661-2
organ culture of, 128
perfusion method for, 80