SUBJECT INDEX
583
Tarantulas, 312
Tarim basin, climate, 224
Tassili, 109, 123, see also Hamada
Tebbou Shield, 108
Teeth, in dchlids, 468
Temperature, 33, see also Body temperature
effects on fishes, 410-420
distribution, 444-445
feeding, 469-470
hatching, 465
morphology, 461, 462-463
reproduction, 455, 456, 457-459
effects on soil, 53
effects on transpiration, 319-321
effects on vegetation, 265, 266
optimal
for fungi, 201
for lichens, 197-199
of river waters, 387-389
in Sahara Desert
of air, 114, 117-118, 119
of soil, 114, 116, 119
in Sonoran Desert, 496, 498
of spring water, 393, 395-396
tolerance in insects, 348-349, 355-356
variations, 34, 114
Tench, 432
Tenebrionids
microclimate and, 156
morphological adaptations, 359
water balance, 320, 327, 336, 344
Teparies, 517
Terfez, 134
Termite, 75, 312
Tertiary, Saharan, 107, 109
Terzaghi's equation, 4
Texas, algae in, 167
Thar Desert
climate, 224
soils of, 82-83
Therevid fly, morphological adaptations,
356
Thermal balance, body temperature and,
350-352
Thermal springs, 395-396
fish reproduction in, 457-458
Thermorégulation, behavioral, in fishes,
447_449
Thornber, 506
Threadfin shad, 401, 467
Thysanurans, cuticle permeability in, 321
Tibet, climate, 224
Tick, water vapor absorption in, 340,
342, 346
Tinaja, 502
Tools, of Piman Indians, 516, 519
Torote, 516
Transpiration
of desert plants, 143-146
in insects, 319-321
Triassic, Saharan, 109
Trout, 431, 432, 442, 444
Truffles, 202
Tsaidam Desert, 85
Tsetse fly
body temperature, 355-356
water balance, 321, 325, 327, 330,
337-338, 347
Tuareg Shield, 108 109
Tunisian Desert, gypsum crusts in, 55
Turbidity, effects on fishes, 404-405
Turkestan Desert
gypsum in, 61
pavements of, 50
soils of, 83-84
Turkmenistanian deserts, 264
Tuz Gölü, soil near, 275
U
UNESCO Arid Zone Programme, 490
UNESCO General Conference, 490
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
iron in desert soils of, 58
soil organic matter of, 67, 69
United Arab Republic, 21
Uric acid, 328, 393
Urine
of fishes, 426
formation in insects, 328-329, 331
Utah
desert algae of, 170
desert microorganisms of, 73
V
Valley of 10,000 Smokes Desert, microorganisms of, 76
Vegetation
583
Tarantulas, 312
Tarim basin, climate, 224
Tassili, 109, 123, see also Hamada
Tebbou Shield, 108
Teeth, in dchlids, 468
Temperature, 33, see also Body temperature
effects on fishes, 410-420
distribution, 444-445
feeding, 469-470
hatching, 465
morphology, 461, 462-463
reproduction, 455, 456, 457-459
effects on soil, 53
effects on transpiration, 319-321
effects on vegetation, 265, 266
optimal
for fungi, 201
for lichens, 197-199
of river waters, 387-389
in Sahara Desert
of air, 114, 117-118, 119
of soil, 114, 116, 119
in Sonoran Desert, 496, 498
of spring water, 393, 395-396
tolerance in insects, 348-349, 355-356
variations, 34, 114
Tench, 432
Tenebrionids
microclimate and, 156
morphological adaptations, 359
water balance, 320, 327, 336, 344
Teparies, 517
Terfez, 134
Termite, 75, 312
Tertiary, Saharan, 107, 109
Terzaghi's equation, 4
Texas, algae in, 167
Thar Desert
climate, 224
soils of, 82-83
Therevid fly, morphological adaptations,
356
Thermal balance, body temperature and,
350-352
Thermal springs, 395-396
fish reproduction in, 457-458
Thermorégulation, behavioral, in fishes,
447_449
Thornber, 506
Threadfin shad, 401, 467
Thysanurans, cuticle permeability in, 321
Tibet, climate, 224
Tick, water vapor absorption in, 340,
342, 346
Tinaja, 502
Tools, of Piman Indians, 516, 519
Torote, 516
Transpiration
of desert plants, 143-146
in insects, 319-321
Triassic, Saharan, 109
Trout, 431, 432, 442, 444
Truffles, 202
Tsaidam Desert, 85
Tsetse fly
body temperature, 355-356
water balance, 321, 325, 327, 330,
337-338, 347
Tuareg Shield, 108 109
Tunisian Desert, gypsum crusts in, 55
Turbidity, effects on fishes, 404-405
Turkestan Desert
gypsum in, 61
pavements of, 50
soils of, 83-84
Turkmenistanian deserts, 264
Tuz Gölü, soil near, 275
U
UNESCO Arid Zone Programme, 490
UNESCO General Conference, 490
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
iron in desert soils of, 58
soil organic matter of, 67, 69
United Arab Republic, 21
Uric acid, 328, 393
Urine
of fishes, 426
formation in insects, 328-329, 331
Utah
desert algae of, 170
desert microorganisms of, 73
V
Valley of 10,000 Smokes Desert, microorganisms of, 76
Vegetation