584
SUBJECT INDEX
adaptations to climate, 137-138
anatomy and morphology related to
osmotic potential, 255-262
competition of, 523
density and rainfall, 215-218
desert boundaries and, 34
diffuse and contracted, 218-219, 268
ecological types, 238-239, 241,
262-263
edaphic algae and, 169
effects on humidity, 122
effects on microorganisms, 72-73
hydrature of, 229, 232-234
of Sahara Desert, 79, 125, 126-127,
128, 133-149
groups, 149-155
microclimates and, 156-157
soils and, 155-156
salt tolerance, 18
soils and, 53, 61-69
saline, 69-71
sand, 46, 47
of Sonoran Desert, 499-501, 506-507,
509-510
Velvet ash, 510
Venezuela
climate, 224
vegetation of, 260, 272
Villages, of Piman Indians, 519-520
Virgin River spinedace, 420
W
Wadi(s), 127
inferoflux of, 133
vegetation of, 154
water in, 127-128
Wadi Rhir, wells of, 131
Wadi Saoura, 127-128, 133
Walnut, 510
Wanderflechten, 190
Wasps, 312
Water
content of lichens, 196-199
in desert soils, 61-62
in ergs, 126
fossil, in Sonoran Desert, 523
from oxidation, 337-339, 345
in Sahara Desert, 127-133, 156
in Sonoran Desert, 501-502, 507, 508
sulfurous, 76
temperature in rivers, 387-389
temperature in springs, 393, 395-396
Water activity, 317-318
Water balance, in insects, 314-316
absorption of water vapor and,
340-344, 346-347
cutaneous absorption and, 339-340
eating and drinking and, 336-337
environmental water and, 316-318
osmoregulation and, 344-346
oxidation water and, 337-339
reabsorption from rectal lumen and,
332-336
water loss and, 319-332
Water loss
elytra and, 362-363
tolerance in insects, 347-348, 349
Water pipit, 492
Water potential, 243-244, 247, 249
Water quality, 18-20
phreatophytes and, 16
Water storage
in soil, 12
of succulents, 270-271
Water stress
salt and, 69
in xerophytes, 268
Water supply
diffuse and contracted vegetation and,
218-219
osmotic potential and, 234
rainfall and, 214-218
soil texture and, 219, 221-223
Water table
iron formation and, 58
topography and, 13
Water vapor
absorption by insects, 340-344,
346-347
algal use of, 181
Water vapor pressure, 317, 318
Waxes, in soils, 67
Wells
ancient, 2
effects on discharges, 394
of Great Artesian Basin, 23, 25
in Mada'in Salih, 549
in Nubian Aquifer, 23
production, 7-8
SUBJECT INDEX
adaptations to climate, 137-138
anatomy and morphology related to
osmotic potential, 255-262
competition of, 523
density and rainfall, 215-218
desert boundaries and, 34
diffuse and contracted, 218-219, 268
ecological types, 238-239, 241,
262-263
edaphic algae and, 169
effects on humidity, 122
effects on microorganisms, 72-73
hydrature of, 229, 232-234
of Sahara Desert, 79, 125, 126-127,
128, 133-149
groups, 149-155
microclimates and, 156-157
soils and, 155-156
salt tolerance, 18
soils and, 53, 61-69
saline, 69-71
sand, 46, 47
of Sonoran Desert, 499-501, 506-507,
509-510
Velvet ash, 510
Venezuela
climate, 224
vegetation of, 260, 272
Villages, of Piman Indians, 519-520
Virgin River spinedace, 420
W
Wadi(s), 127
inferoflux of, 133
vegetation of, 154
water in, 127-128
Wadi Rhir, wells of, 131
Wadi Saoura, 127-128, 133
Walnut, 510
Wanderflechten, 190
Wasps, 312
Water
content of lichens, 196-199
in desert soils, 61-62
in ergs, 126
fossil, in Sonoran Desert, 523
from oxidation, 337-339, 345
in Sahara Desert, 127-133, 156
in Sonoran Desert, 501-502, 507, 508
sulfurous, 76
temperature in rivers, 387-389
temperature in springs, 393, 395-396
Water activity, 317-318
Water balance, in insects, 314-316
absorption of water vapor and,
340-344, 346-347
cutaneous absorption and, 339-340
eating and drinking and, 336-337
environmental water and, 316-318
osmoregulation and, 344-346
oxidation water and, 337-339
reabsorption from rectal lumen and,
332-336
water loss and, 319-332
Water loss
elytra and, 362-363
tolerance in insects, 347-348, 349
Water pipit, 492
Water potential, 243-244, 247, 249
Water quality, 18-20
phreatophytes and, 16
Water storage
in soil, 12
of succulents, 270-271
Water stress
salt and, 69
in xerophytes, 268
Water supply
diffuse and contracted vegetation and,
218-219
osmotic potential and, 234
rainfall and, 214-218
soil texture and, 219, 221-223
Water table
iron formation and, 58
topography and, 13
Water vapor
absorption by insects, 340-344,
346-347
algal use of, 181
Water vapor pressure, 317, 318
Waxes, in soils, 67
Wells
ancient, 2
effects on discharges, 394
of Great Artesian Basin, 23, 25
in Mada'in Salih, 549
in Nubian Aquifer, 23
production, 7-8