CHAPTER 19 Earth’s Evolution through Geologic Time
482
Cenozoic
Cretaceous
Jurassic
Triassic
Permian
Carboniferous
Devonian
Modern Forms
Lobefin
fishes
Early
amphibians
Amphibians
Early
reptiles
Reptiles
Mammal-like
reptiles
Dinosaurs
Birds
Birds
Mammals
Early
mammals
FIGURE 19.27 Relationships of various vertebrates and their evolution from a fish-like ancestor.
FIGURE 19.28 Restoration of a Pennsylvanian-age coal swamp (318 million to 299 million years ago). Shown
are scale trees (left), seed ferns (lower left), and scouring rushes (right). Also note the large dragonfly.
(© The Field Museum, Neg. # GEO85637c, Chicago. Photographer John Weinstein)