Impact of climate changes on marine environments

In this book we discuss modifications in marine ecosystems related to global climate changes. In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate changes are associated with shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen concentration, and ocean acidification, with significant biological effects on scales from regional to global. Understanding how the changes affect the distribution and abundance of plankton in the ocean currents is the key to our knowledge on how climate change impacts the marine environment. Ocean temperatures, weather and climatic changes greatly influence the amount and location of nutrients in the water column. If temperatures and currents change, the plankton production cycle may not coincide with the reproduction cycle of fish. The above changes are closely related to the changes in radiative forcing, which initiate feedback mechanisms like change in surface temperature, circulation, and atmospheric chemistry.