566
GENERAL INDEX
symbiosis (cont’d)
– methanotrophic, 94
– vesicomyids, 94
– vestimentiferans, 94
synaphobranchiid eels, 89, 125, 151, 156, 357, 358
– Atlantic Ocean, 156
– Porcupine Abyssal Plain, 156
tabun, 434
TAG site (Atlantic Ocean), 83
Tagus Abyssal Plain (Atlantic Ocean), 139
– polychaetes, 150
– sampling, 116
tanaids (see also Tanaidacea in Systematic Index)
– Atlantic Ocean, 113, 125
– – HEBBLE study site, 125
– – Iberian margin, 139
– – Northwest African margin, 140
– – Puerto Rico Trench, 131
– – Rockall Trough, 134
– brooding, 389
– hermaphroditism, 389
– oxygen minimum zones, 230
– Pacific Ocean, 207, 212
– using xenophyophore tests as habitat, 210
tar, 432
Tasmania (Australia), 460
Tatarskiy Strait, 274, 275, 277
Taylor column, 67, 184, 210
technology
– autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), 475
– landers, 475
– remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), 475
– submersibles, 475
temperature
– annual variation in the North Atlantic, 6
– average ocean temperatures, 39
– Caribbean Sea, 270
– changes in geologic time, 10
– changes with depth, 6
– climate change, 256
– effect on life-history traits, 405
– effect on species diversity, 287
– effects on organisms, 6
– effects on species’ ranges, 25, 26
– Gulf of Mexico, 271
– hydrothermal fluid, 473
– hydrothermal vents, 89, 90
– Mediterranean Sea, 49, 264, 265, 279, 282
– microbial communities, 87
– Red Sea, 49, 267, 268
– Sea of Japan, 276
– Sea of Okhotsk, 276, 278
– seasonal ranges, 47
– Southern Ocean, 252
– Sulu Sea (Indonesian Seas), 273
– trenches, 211
– variability, 6
– variation with latitude, 45
Tenryu Canyon (Japan), 393
tentacle crowns of suspension feeders, 342
terrigenous deposits, 265, 270
terrigenous input, 160
Tethys Ocean, 247, 263
– Hellenic Trench, 263
234 Th, 162, 165, 195, 346–348
– profiles, 161, 163
234 Th/
210 Pb activity ratios, 346
thermocline, 49, 57, 220
thermohaline circulation, 326, 430
thermohaline conveyer belt, 115
thigmotaxis, 356
Thorson’s Rule, 381, 413
thyasirid bivalves, 94, 97, 126, 355
time-lapse photography, 51, 337, 343, 345, 347, 349, 352
– aggregate deposition, 328
– Bathysnap, 121, 123, 150, 321, 342
– BIOPROBE, 331
time markers, 349
time-series investigations, 166, 349, 352
Timor Basin (Indonesian Seas), 272
tintinnids, 121
Tongue of the Ocean station (TOTO) (Atlantic Ocean), 159, 161
– particulate organic carbon (POC), 160
Tortugas Sill (Caribbean Sea), 269
Toulon Canyon (Mediterranean Sea), 280, 281
toxic substances, 443
toxicological tests, 450
trace fossils, 315
trace metals, 450
tracers, 428, 429, 452
trade winds, 182
transform faults, 113
transmissometer, 328
transparency, 55, 72
transport routes for contaminants, 430, 431
trawls, 12, 343
trenches, 111, 131, 327
– as sumps for large plant remains, 353
– fauna, 211, 212
– hydrostatic pressure, 211
– Pacific Ocean, 45, 179, 211, 212
– pollution, 431
– sampling, 389
– sediments, 211
– tanaids, reproduction, 408
– temperature, 211
trichlorofluoromethane (F-11), 429
tritium, 428, 429, 439
trochophores, 387, 414
trophic behaviour, 363
trophic coupling, 350
– of benthopelagic and midwater faunas, 316
trophic pathways, 360
– scavenging, 357, 358
trophic relationships, 347, 361, 363
trophic strategies
– evolutionary divergence, 357
GENERAL INDEX
symbiosis (cont’d)
– methanotrophic, 94
– vesicomyids, 94
– vestimentiferans, 94
synaphobranchiid eels, 89, 125, 151, 156, 357, 358
– Atlantic Ocean, 156
– Porcupine Abyssal Plain, 156
tabun, 434
TAG site (Atlantic Ocean), 83
Tagus Abyssal Plain (Atlantic Ocean), 139
– polychaetes, 150
– sampling, 116
tanaids (see also Tanaidacea in Systematic Index)
– Atlantic Ocean, 113, 125
– – HEBBLE study site, 125
– – Iberian margin, 139
– – Northwest African margin, 140
– – Puerto Rico Trench, 131
– – Rockall Trough, 134
– brooding, 389
– hermaphroditism, 389
– oxygen minimum zones, 230
– Pacific Ocean, 207, 212
– using xenophyophore tests as habitat, 210
tar, 432
Tasmania (Australia), 460
Tatarskiy Strait, 274, 275, 277
Taylor column, 67, 184, 210
technology
– autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), 475
– landers, 475
– remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), 475
– submersibles, 475
temperature
– annual variation in the North Atlantic, 6
– average ocean temperatures, 39
– Caribbean Sea, 270
– changes in geologic time, 10
– changes with depth, 6
– climate change, 256
– effect on life-history traits, 405
– effect on species diversity, 287
– effects on organisms, 6
– effects on species’ ranges, 25, 26
– Gulf of Mexico, 271
– hydrothermal fluid, 473
– hydrothermal vents, 89, 90
– Mediterranean Sea, 49, 264, 265, 279, 282
– microbial communities, 87
– Red Sea, 49, 267, 268
– Sea of Japan, 276
– Sea of Okhotsk, 276, 278
– seasonal ranges, 47
– Southern Ocean, 252
– Sulu Sea (Indonesian Seas), 273
– trenches, 211
– variability, 6
– variation with latitude, 45
Tenryu Canyon (Japan), 393
tentacle crowns of suspension feeders, 342
terrigenous deposits, 265, 270
terrigenous input, 160
Tethys Ocean, 247, 263
– Hellenic Trench, 263
234 Th, 162, 165, 195, 346–348
– profiles, 161, 163
234 Th/
210 Pb activity ratios, 346
thermocline, 49, 57, 220
thermohaline circulation, 326, 430
thermohaline conveyer belt, 115
thigmotaxis, 356
Thorson’s Rule, 381, 413
thyasirid bivalves, 94, 97, 126, 355
time-lapse photography, 51, 337, 343, 345, 347, 349, 352
– aggregate deposition, 328
– Bathysnap, 121, 123, 150, 321, 342
– BIOPROBE, 331
time markers, 349
time-series investigations, 166, 349, 352
Timor Basin (Indonesian Seas), 272
tintinnids, 121
Tongue of the Ocean station (TOTO) (Atlantic Ocean), 159, 161
– particulate organic carbon (POC), 160
Tortugas Sill (Caribbean Sea), 269
Toulon Canyon (Mediterranean Sea), 280, 281
toxic substances, 443
toxicological tests, 450
trace fossils, 315
trace metals, 450
tracers, 428, 429, 452
trade winds, 182
transform faults, 113
transmissometer, 328
transparency, 55, 72
transport routes for contaminants, 430, 431
trawls, 12, 343
trenches, 111, 131, 327
– as sumps for large plant remains, 353
– fauna, 211, 212
– hydrostatic pressure, 211
– Pacific Ocean, 45, 179, 211, 212
– pollution, 431
– sampling, 389
– sediments, 211
– tanaids, reproduction, 408
– temperature, 211
trichlorofluoromethane (F-11), 429
tritium, 428, 429, 439
trochophores, 387, 414
trophic behaviour, 363
trophic coupling, 350
– of benthopelagic and midwater faunas, 316
trophic pathways, 360
– scavenging, 357, 358
trophic relationships, 347, 361, 363
trophic strategies
– evolutionary divergence, 357