562
GENERAL INDEX
sediments (cont’d)
– depositional fans, 197
– effects of fauna, 229
– enrichment by food falls, 358
– enteropneust burrows, 133
– fatty acids, 129
– glacial-marine sediments, 252
– Gulf of Mexico, 272
– hydrothermal origin, 268
– ice rafting, 252
– Indian Ocean, 223–225
– – abyssal zones, 233
– – bacterial densities, 231
– – Bay of Bengal, 234
– – Oman Margin, 227
– – terrigenous sediment, 220
– Indonesian Seas, 274
– laminae, 131
– lipid content, 350
– mass-wasting events, 111
– Mediterranean Sea, 265
– microbial biomass, 189
– microbial communities, 87
– mixing, 205, 332, 346, 347
– mixing coefficients, 346
– nitrogen content, 124
– organic-carbon content, 127, 128, 139, 182, 183, 198, 206,
224, 227, 228, 231, 317
– – latitudinal pattern, 317
– oxygen demand, 132
– Pacific Ocean, 179
– – abyssal equatorial Pacific, 200
– – California margin, 186
– – continental margins, 183
– – continental slopes, 186
– – deep ocean trenches, 211
– – – organic-carbon content, 211
– – erosion through high-velocity currents, 181, 184
– – influx of terrigenous sediments, 179
– – Volcano 7, 198
– pelagic, 118
– pigment content, 132
– pore waters, 359
– – profiling, 361
– red clays, 183
– Red Sea, 268
– redeposition by abyssal storms, 117
– redistribution by currents, 326
– resuspension, 117, 328, 329
– ripples, 326
– Sea of Japan, 276
– Sea of Okhotsk, 277
– seamounts, 210
– siliceous, 225
– siliceous muds, 183
– sipunculan burrows, 133
– slides, 118
– smothering, 358
– Southern Ocean, 251
– spatial variability, 350
– sterols, 129
– suspension through earthquakes, 119
– transport events, 124
– types, 9, 112
– – effects on species’ ranges, 26
seeps (see also cold seeps), 84–86
– biomass, 98
– chemistry, 85
– colonization, 103
– definition, 85
– distribution, 82, 86
– diversity, 99, 103
– environmental conditions, 102
– faunal relations with vent species, 98
– formation, 84
– gastropods, 98
– habitat longevity, 102, 103
– host–symbiont associations, 94
– microbial chemosynthesis, 91
– mussels, 97
– photosynthesis, 93
– pogonophorans, 96
– sampling, 85
– shrimps, 97
– species distribution, 85, 383
– temperature, 90
– trophic relations, 99, 100
– vestimentiferans, 96
Sellafield (Scotland), 428
semelparity, 405, 408, 409
sensors, 15
sensory systems, 74
Seram Sea (Indonesian Seas), 274
serious harm to marine environment, 459
serpulids, 88
– Mediterranean Sea, 279
settlement, 406
Setubal Canyon (Atlantic Ocean), 139
sewage sludge, 432, 435, 440–444
– components, 440
– dump site DWD 106, 440
– effects on fauna, 440, 442, 443
– effects on oxygen concentrations, 443
sex ratio, 403, 404
sexual dimorphism, 58
sharks
– attacking bait, 358
– blood, 73
– buoyancy, 73
– Mediterranean Sea, 281, 282
– necrophages, 152
– sleeper shark (Somniosus pacificus), 191
– teeth, 355
shelf, 364, 430, 431
shelf-break fronts, 67
shelf edge, 364–366
Shelf Edge Exchange Processes (SEEP) (Atlantic Ocean), 115,
125, 366
GENERAL INDEX
sediments (cont’d)
– depositional fans, 197
– effects of fauna, 229
– enrichment by food falls, 358
– enteropneust burrows, 133
– fatty acids, 129
– glacial-marine sediments, 252
– Gulf of Mexico, 272
– hydrothermal origin, 268
– ice rafting, 252
– Indian Ocean, 223–225
– – abyssal zones, 233
– – bacterial densities, 231
– – Bay of Bengal, 234
– – Oman Margin, 227
– – terrigenous sediment, 220
– Indonesian Seas, 274
– laminae, 131
– lipid content, 350
– mass-wasting events, 111
– Mediterranean Sea, 265
– microbial biomass, 189
– microbial communities, 87
– mixing, 205, 332, 346, 347
– mixing coefficients, 346
– nitrogen content, 124
– organic-carbon content, 127, 128, 139, 182, 183, 198, 206,
224, 227, 228, 231, 317
– – latitudinal pattern, 317
– oxygen demand, 132
– Pacific Ocean, 179
– – abyssal equatorial Pacific, 200
– – California margin, 186
– – continental margins, 183
– – continental slopes, 186
– – deep ocean trenches, 211
– – – organic-carbon content, 211
– – erosion through high-velocity currents, 181, 184
– – influx of terrigenous sediments, 179
– – Volcano 7, 198
– pelagic, 118
– pigment content, 132
– pore waters, 359
– – profiling, 361
– red clays, 183
– Red Sea, 268
– redeposition by abyssal storms, 117
– redistribution by currents, 326
– resuspension, 117, 328, 329
– ripples, 326
– Sea of Japan, 276
– Sea of Okhotsk, 277
– seamounts, 210
– siliceous, 225
– siliceous muds, 183
– sipunculan burrows, 133
– slides, 118
– smothering, 358
– Southern Ocean, 251
– spatial variability, 350
– sterols, 129
– suspension through earthquakes, 119
– transport events, 124
– types, 9, 112
– – effects on species’ ranges, 26
seeps (see also cold seeps), 84–86
– biomass, 98
– chemistry, 85
– colonization, 103
– definition, 85
– distribution, 82, 86
– diversity, 99, 103
– environmental conditions, 102
– faunal relations with vent species, 98
– formation, 84
– gastropods, 98
– habitat longevity, 102, 103
– host–symbiont associations, 94
– microbial chemosynthesis, 91
– mussels, 97
– photosynthesis, 93
– pogonophorans, 96
– sampling, 85
– shrimps, 97
– species distribution, 85, 383
– temperature, 90
– trophic relations, 99, 100
– vestimentiferans, 96
Sellafield (Scotland), 428
semelparity, 405, 408, 409
sensors, 15
sensory systems, 74
Seram Sea (Indonesian Seas), 274
serious harm to marine environment, 459
serpulids, 88
– Mediterranean Sea, 279
settlement, 406
Setubal Canyon (Atlantic Ocean), 139
sewage sludge, 432, 435, 440–444
– components, 440
– dump site DWD 106, 440
– effects on fauna, 440, 442, 443
– effects on oxygen concentrations, 443
sex ratio, 403, 404
sexual dimorphism, 58
sharks
– attacking bait, 358
– blood, 73
– buoyancy, 73
– Mediterranean Sea, 281, 282
– necrophages, 152
– sleeper shark (Somniosus pacificus), 191
– teeth, 355
shelf, 364, 430, 431
shelf-break fronts, 67
shelf edge, 364–366
Shelf Edge Exchange Processes (SEEP) (Atlantic Ocean), 115,
125, 366