386
Craig M. YOUNG
Table 12.2
Known and inferred modes and locations of development in deep-sea polychaetes 1
Species
Location
Depth (m)
Mode of
development
Type of larva or location of
broods
References
Acrocirridae sp. A
E. Pacific
730–3350
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Ampharete sp. A
E. Pacific
770–1800
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Ampharetidae sp. B
E. Pacific
770–1800
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Aricidea quadrilobata
E. Pacific
1300–1800
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Aurospio dibranchiata
N. Carolina
300–3600
indirect (?)
planktotrophic larva (?)
Blake (1993)
Benthoscolex cubanus
Bahamas
600
indirect (?)
planktotrophic larva (?)
Emson et al. (1993)
Biremis blandi
Bahamas
500–700
indirect
planktotrophic larva (?)
Young et al., unpublished
Cirrophorus lyra
E. Pacific
730–860
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
laterally
Levin et al. (1994)
Euchone bansei
NW Atlantic 1345–2495
direct
unknown
Ruff and Brown (1989)
Euchone incolor
E. Pacific
770–3350
direct 2
larvae brooded dorsally and
in tubes
Levin et al. (1994)
Euphrosine sp.
E. Pacific
1300–1800
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Hyalinoecia arauncana
Chile
600
direct
brooded in tube
Carrasco (1983)
Microrbinia lineata
N. Carolina
800–3000
direct (?)
brooded embryos and larva Blake (1993)
Nothria notialis
Antarctic
800–900
direct
brooded in capsules on tube Hartman (1967)
Nephthyidae sp. C
E. Pacific
2970–3350
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
Ophryotrocha mandibulata
NW Atlantic 2020–3015
indirect (epitoky) planktonic larva (?)
Hilbig and Blake (1991)
Paronuphis antarctica
Antarctic
800–900
direct
brooded in tube
Hartman (1967)
Paedampharete acutiseries
NW Atlantic 4626–4830
direct
unknown
Russell (1987)
Protodorvillea sp. A
E. Pacific
730–860
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
Pholoe anoculata
N. Carolina
583–2000
direct (?)
unknown
Blake (1993), Christie
(1982)
Terebellidae
E. Pacific
1300–3350
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Tharyx sp. A.
E. Pacific
730–3350
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
VENT AND SEEP SPECIES
Alvinella pompejana
E. Pacific Rise
(vent)
2500
indirect
lecithotrophic larva (?)
Jollivet et al. (1998),
Pradillon et al. (2001)
Amphisamytha galapagensis
NW Pacific
2447–2725
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic, demersal larva McHugh and Tunnicliffe
(1994), Zottoli (1983)
Branchipolynoe seepensis
Mid-Atlantic
Ridge (vent)
1700
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic larvae (?)
Van Dover et al. (1999),
Jollivet et al. (2000)
Hesiocaeca methanicola
Gulf of
Mexico (seep)
600
indirect
planktotrophic larvae
Eckelbarger et al. (2001)
Lamellibrachia cf. luymesi
Gulf of
Mexico (seep)
600
indirect
lecithotrophic larvae
Young et al. (1996b)
Opisthotrochopodus n. sp.
Mid-Atlantic
Ridge (vent)
1700
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic larvae (?)
Van Dover et al. (1999)
continued on next page
Craig M. YOUNG
Table 12.2
Known and inferred modes and locations of development in deep-sea polychaetes 1
Species
Location
Depth (m)
Mode of
development
Type of larva or location of
broods
References
Acrocirridae sp. A
E. Pacific
730–3350
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Ampharete sp. A
E. Pacific
770–1800
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Ampharetidae sp. B
E. Pacific
770–1800
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Aricidea quadrilobata
E. Pacific
1300–1800
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Aurospio dibranchiata
N. Carolina
300–3600
indirect (?)
planktotrophic larva (?)
Blake (1993)
Benthoscolex cubanus
Bahamas
600
indirect (?)
planktotrophic larva (?)
Emson et al. (1993)
Biremis blandi
Bahamas
500–700
indirect
planktotrophic larva (?)
Young et al., unpublished
Cirrophorus lyra
E. Pacific
730–860
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
laterally
Levin et al. (1994)
Euchone bansei
NW Atlantic 1345–2495
direct
unknown
Ruff and Brown (1989)
Euchone incolor
E. Pacific
770–3350
direct 2
larvae brooded dorsally and
in tubes
Levin et al. (1994)
Euphrosine sp.
E. Pacific
1300–1800
direct 2
brooded larvae attached
dorsally
Levin et al. (1994)
Hyalinoecia arauncana
Chile
600
direct
brooded in tube
Carrasco (1983)
Microrbinia lineata
N. Carolina
800–3000
direct (?)
brooded embryos and larva Blake (1993)
Nothria notialis
Antarctic
800–900
direct
brooded in capsules on tube Hartman (1967)
Nephthyidae sp. C
E. Pacific
2970–3350
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
Ophryotrocha mandibulata
NW Atlantic 2020–3015
indirect (epitoky) planktonic larva (?)
Hilbig and Blake (1991)
Paronuphis antarctica
Antarctic
800–900
direct
brooded in tube
Hartman (1967)
Paedampharete acutiseries
NW Atlantic 4626–4830
direct
unknown
Russell (1987)
Protodorvillea sp. A
E. Pacific
730–860
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
Pholoe anoculata
N. Carolina
583–2000
direct (?)
unknown
Blake (1993), Christie
(1982)
Terebellidae
E. Pacific
1300–3350
direct 2
brooded in tube
Levin et al. (1994)
Tharyx sp. A.
E. Pacific
730–3350
direct 2
brooded in dorsal brood
pouches
Levin et al. (1994)
VENT AND SEEP SPECIES
Alvinella pompejana
E. Pacific Rise
(vent)
2500
indirect
lecithotrophic larva (?)
Jollivet et al. (1998),
Pradillon et al. (2001)
Amphisamytha galapagensis
NW Pacific
2447–2725
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic, demersal larva McHugh and Tunnicliffe
(1994), Zottoli (1983)
Branchipolynoe seepensis
Mid-Atlantic
Ridge (vent)
1700
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic larvae (?)
Van Dover et al. (1999),
Jollivet et al. (2000)
Hesiocaeca methanicola
Gulf of
Mexico (seep)
600
indirect
planktotrophic larvae
Eckelbarger et al. (2001)
Lamellibrachia cf. luymesi
Gulf of
Mexico (seep)
600
indirect
lecithotrophic larvae
Young et al. (1996b)
Opisthotrochopodus n. sp.
Mid-Atlantic
Ridge (vent)
1700
indirect (?)
lecithotrophic larvae (?)
Van Dover et al. (1999)
continued on next page