Contents
Preface
xv
1 Basic thermodynamic and biochemical concepts
1
Fundamental thermodynamic concepts
2
States of matter
2
Pressure
2
Temperature
5
Volume, mass, and number
6
Properties of gases
6
The ideal gas laws
6
Gas mixtures
8
Kinetic energy of gases
9
Real gases
9
Derivation box 1.1 Relationship between the average velocity and pressure
10
Liquifying gases for low-temperature spectroscopy
12
Molecular basis for life
13
Cell membranes
14
Amino acids
15
Classification of amino acids by their side chains
15
DNA and RNA
18
Problems
20
Part 1: Thermodynamics and kinetics
21
2 First law of thermodynamics
23
Systems
23
State functions
25
First law of thermodynamics
26
Research direction: drug design I
27
Work
29
Specific heat
31
Internal energy for an ideal gas
31
Enthalpy
33
9781405124362_1_pre.qxd 4/29/08 9:06 Page vii
Preface
xv
1 Basic thermodynamic and biochemical concepts
1
Fundamental thermodynamic concepts
2
States of matter
2
Pressure
2
Temperature
5
Volume, mass, and number
6
Properties of gases
6
The ideal gas laws
6
Gas mixtures
8
Kinetic energy of gases
9
Real gases
9
Derivation box 1.1 Relationship between the average velocity and pressure
10
Liquifying gases for low-temperature spectroscopy
12
Molecular basis for life
13
Cell membranes
14
Amino acids
15
Classification of amino acids by their side chains
15
DNA and RNA
18
Problems
20
Part 1: Thermodynamics and kinetics
21
2 First law of thermodynamics
23
Systems
23
State functions
25
First law of thermodynamics
26
Research direction: drug design I
27
Work
29
Specific heat
31
Internal energy for an ideal gas
31
Enthalpy
33
9781405124362_1_pre.qxd 4/29/08 9:06 Page vii