TREATlSE ON THE SlGNIFICANCE OF
RESEARCH ON THE TELEOSTEAN
BRAIN
As was the case With SCÎenÎÎC research on
body,
misunderstood in his time, however, it undoubtedly gave
interest in the subject of the brain as a mental organ can
strong impetus for years to come, to the study of the
'
be traced to the ancienthistory of science. Chief. concern,
animal brain.
Lamarck made no investigation of the inner
however, was limited to the brains of higher animals,
structure of the sh brain; moreover, he was not aware of
especially
that of man, and it was many years later that
the fact that sh have olfaction.
scientists became interested in the bràins of lower animals
According to the history of comparative neurology, after the
.
such as sh.
History of science shows how man came to
beginning of the 19th century, there Were a few neurologists
acquire interest and knowledge about the brain.
who devoted their investigations on the anatomy of sh
Namely, he was rst interested in the brain of higher
brain, i.e., Arsaky (1813); Tiedemann (1816), Desmoulins
'
animals, i.e., that of man and thence he was further led
(1825), Gottsche (1835) and others. However, these studies
.
to have interest in and the knowledge of the brain of lower
were
not made from the standpoint of comparative
animals.
It is known
that observations on strange sh,
.
anatomy Which
during the later years of the
knowledge about organs characteristic Of sh such as
_
18th century through the 19… century.
’
air-bladders and gills, sh poisoning, sh luminesœnce and
The theorybf evolution advanced by Darwin (1859) had
the pr0blem of whether or not sh can hear were matters
great inuence
anatomy WÎÎh the
of interest to ancient naturalists.
'
.
consequence‘that some morphologists began to pay special
lnhabitants.of
the Nile River basin and the shores of the
attention to the anatomy Of the 8hNot only was the
Mediterranean
Sea were aware of the fact that certain kinds
importance of the position of sh in phylogeny emphasized.
of sh generate electricity.
'
lt is most interesting
to note -
bUÎ a trend developed towards the
study Of
thatAristotle has made in “ Historia Animalium “ amaiingly
various organs of the sh.
These became objects of study
detailed observations on sh.
While there was no statement
by ichthyologists
and comparative anatdmists. However,
referring to the sh brain, he had described their gustation, .
With the arrival_of the comparative neurologists the concept
audition, olfaction and sleep.
FOIIowihg Aristotle, almost
'
in the evolutionàl progression toward the human brain
,
no
noteworthy work on the study of sh could be found_
of the vertebrates, the brain of the sh was a prototype,
In the 16th century, while interest was aroused in the
was
developed.
.
'
'
_
taxonomy of sh, study of the sh‘brain was completely
-
'
ignored.
ln research on minute objects with complicated
Darwin did not consider the electricity-producing organs
structures, the use of microscope
and special staining
_
observed in various kinds Of sh ”EO be homologous, and
techniques are required and until
the invention of these,
he
OUÎ that the origin Of nerves innervated in
'
instruments and techniques it was impossible to discover
these organs diers.
He also commented upon the subject
the Signic‘ance of brain fùnctioh by research on lower
Of the eye-migration Of atSh_
and explained that
it '
animals.
'
‘
"
depended upon the correlation
of environment and organ.
As already stated, the generation of electricity by sh has
‘
These were undoubtedly the ndings that led to the
been recognized since ancient times, but in the 18th
_
development ot comparative neurology- As a result of the
century, it was fouñd that the electric lobe, a part of the
biological atmosphere of the mid-19th century, interest was
_
.
brain itself, bears a relation to the generation of electricity.
aroused in the subject Of Sh brain and towards the end
'
lt'is
of record that Collins (1685) was the rst to
of the 19th century it became the obiect of research.
which
.
note theform of the sh brain.
‘
_
.
'
W… be discussed
later.’
'
'
—
…
—
.
.
…
'
.
in connection Withthe*study of sh—brain
The theory
by Lamaer (1809) was
be noted:
,
.
,_
«
’
characterized by his, ballet in the/great importance
”of the
The_ablati0n experiments on the brain _ofhigher animals
.
role played by the nervous
animals. This may
_
seem to
out to some extent sinCe
the
of the reasons
evolution was «
.
17th
Eortsto
function of
'
Note:… All sh'marked
includedin the )
.
.
,
_
_
‘
‘
'
_
,
_
Atlas
,
.
f
,
‘
.
:
_
—_
.
RESEARCH ON THE TELEOSTEAN
BRAIN
As was the case With SCÎenÎÎC research on
body,
misunderstood in his time, however, it undoubtedly gave
interest in the subject of the brain as a mental organ can
strong impetus for years to come, to the study of the
'
be traced to the ancienthistory of science. Chief. concern,
animal brain.
Lamarck made no investigation of the inner
however, was limited to the brains of higher animals,
structure of the sh brain; moreover, he was not aware of
especially
that of man, and it was many years later that
the fact that sh have olfaction.
scientists became interested in the bràins of lower animals
According to the history of comparative neurology, after the
.
such as sh.
History of science shows how man came to
beginning of the 19th century, there Were a few neurologists
acquire interest and knowledge about the brain.
who devoted their investigations on the anatomy of sh
Namely, he was rst interested in the brain of higher
brain, i.e., Arsaky (1813); Tiedemann (1816), Desmoulins
'
animals, i.e., that of man and thence he was further led
(1825), Gottsche (1835) and others. However, these studies
.
to have interest in and the knowledge of the brain of lower
were
not made from the standpoint of comparative
animals.
It is known
that observations on strange sh,
.
anatomy Which
during the later years of the
knowledge about organs characteristic Of sh such as
_
18th century through the 19… century.
’
air-bladders and gills, sh poisoning, sh luminesœnce and
The theorybf evolution advanced by Darwin (1859) had
the pr0blem of whether or not sh can hear were matters
great inuence
anatomy WÎÎh the
of interest to ancient naturalists.
'
.
consequence‘that some morphologists began to pay special
lnhabitants.of
the Nile River basin and the shores of the
attention to the anatomy Of the 8hNot only was the
Mediterranean
Sea were aware of the fact that certain kinds
importance of the position of sh in phylogeny emphasized.
of sh generate electricity.
'
lt is most interesting
to note -
bUÎ a trend developed towards the
study Of
thatAristotle has made in “ Historia Animalium “ amaiingly
various organs of the sh.
These became objects of study
detailed observations on sh.
While there was no statement
by ichthyologists
and comparative anatdmists. However,
referring to the sh brain, he had described their gustation, .
With the arrival_of the comparative neurologists the concept
audition, olfaction and sleep.
FOIIowihg Aristotle, almost
'
in the evolutionàl progression toward the human brain
,
no
noteworthy work on the study of sh could be found_
of the vertebrates, the brain of the sh was a prototype,
In the 16th century, while interest was aroused in the
was
developed.
.
'
'
_
taxonomy of sh, study of the sh‘brain was completely
-
'
ignored.
ln research on minute objects with complicated
Darwin did not consider the electricity-producing organs
structures, the use of microscope
and special staining
_
observed in various kinds Of sh ”EO be homologous, and
techniques are required and until
the invention of these,
he
OUÎ that the origin Of nerves innervated in
'
instruments and techniques it was impossible to discover
these organs diers.
He also commented upon the subject
the Signic‘ance of brain fùnctioh by research on lower
Of the eye-migration Of atSh_
and explained that
it '
animals.
'
‘
"
depended upon the correlation
of environment and organ.
As already stated, the generation of electricity by sh has
‘
These were undoubtedly the ndings that led to the
been recognized since ancient times, but in the 18th
_
development ot comparative neurology- As a result of the
century, it was fouñd that the electric lobe, a part of the
biological atmosphere of the mid-19th century, interest was
_
.
brain itself, bears a relation to the generation of electricity.
aroused in the subject Of Sh brain and towards the end
'
lt'is
of record that Collins (1685) was the rst to
of the 19th century it became the obiect of research.
which
.
note theform of the sh brain.
‘
_
.
'
W… be discussed
later.’
'
'
—
…
—
.
.
…
'
.
in connection Withthe*study of sh—brain
The theory
by Lamaer (1809) was
be noted:
,
.
,_
«
’
characterized by his, ballet in the/great importance
”of the
The_ablati0n experiments on the brain _ofhigher animals
.
role played by the nervous
animals. This may
_
seem to
out to some extent sinCe
the
of the reasons
evolution was «
.
17th
Eortsto
function of
'
Note:… All sh'marked
includedin the )
.
.
,
_
_
‘
‘
'
_
,
_
Atlas
,
.
f
,
‘
.
:
_
—_
.